Paper Abstracts

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PACE, Kyra (CSUDH) Gendered Labor: Ceramics Production in San Antonio Palopó. The purpose of this research is to explore the gendered division of labor in the production of ceramics in factories in San Antonio Palopó. This research looked at how these gendered separations in labor were constructed by the community and the environment of the factories. Multiple qualitative methods revealed the process of ceramics production, the gendered disparity in factory workers, and the history of ceramics production in the community. This research concludes that an existing machismo culture acted to prevent the equitable inclusion of women in the production of ceramics, impacting women’s ability to control their economic situations. (TH-09) 

PAGE, J. Bryan (U Miami) Long-term Follow-up and Limits to Intervention: Ethnography at Great Time Depth. To engage in re-visiting informants 40 years after initial contact can reveal circumstances that have no remedy. After hearing news of the death of an informant in Costa Rica, it became important to visit what remained of his family and re-construct segments of his life that I had not been in position to witness. Other informants had reported his being killed by a truck, but his circumstances of death were more disturbing, involving poison and parricide. Narratives about the murder led to suspicion of injustice with no recourse. Features of this ethnographic episode include judiciary action, family relations, and avarice. bryan.page@miami.edu (TH-152) 

PAGE, Sarah (ECU) In a Compromised Position: Incomplete Jamaican LGBTQ Citizenship as Push Factor for Sexual Migration and Transnationalizing Queer Identities Somewhere over the Rainbow. This paper explores compromised citizenship as a push factor motivating LGBTQ Jamaicans to migrate. It identifies the effect transnationalization of Jamaican LGBTQ identities has on the movement for human rights at home and abroad to determine the degree to which they become embedded in activism and queer spaces both on the island and in their host countries. Intervening in the fields of human rights and LGBTQ scholarship, I reveal the obstacles this system imposes on functional activism in countering institutionalized homophobia, and at the same time, documenting the movement as it grows beyond Jamaica’s territorial boundaries to queer communities abroad. pagesa18@ecu.edu (S-12) 

PAINE, Herbert (Paine Consulting Serv & BroadwayWorld) Can Professional Theatre Critics Provide Educational Value? University theatre programs strive to equip students with knowledge about the theory and practice of theatre. When professional reviews are invited, it is to help students improve their knowledge and skills. If critique is for helping artists improve their work and criticism is for enhancing audience understanding, which purpose do theatre critics serve? Should distinctive standards be applied to journalistic reviews of student performances? What differentiates the roles of the classroom critic and the journalistic critic in enhancing the learning experience? This presentation will address a case in which a professor objected to a professional critic’s review. paineconsulting@cox.net (S-45) 

PAJUNEN, Matthew, DAVIS-SALAZAR, Karla, CASPER, Breanne, and REYES, Lucio (USF) Fair Funding or Meritocratic Meddling?: The Legislative Role in Academic Policy Implementation and Appropriation. In 2018, a university system in the southeastern United States was ordered by its state legislature to consolidate into one accreditation out of an expressed concern for fairness to its member institutions. Over the course of the previous decades, this system was constructed by the same legislature to address their constituents’ concerns. Why, then, is consolidation occurring and who is driving it? Is it out of a concern for fairness or something else? Through an analysis of policy documents and observation of public hearings, this research studies the arc of consolidation and the political processes involved with it. (W-135) 

PANCHANG, Sarita (USF) Sanitation and Urban Participation: Making for Residents of Informal Housing. This presentation occurs at the intersections between sanitation, marginalization, and urban citizenship. I draw from mixed-methods research examining challenges in safe sanitation access and decision making to construct a household toilet among residents of slums and settlements in urban India. Given that housing insecurity emerged as highly salient in research findings, I consider the implications of this for how residents of urban informal housing are expected to participate in the making of the city. Given that the Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 focus on sustainable cities, critically grappling with such questions will be crucial to plan better for equitable urban living in the Global South. panchang@mail.usf.edu (W-64) 

PAREDES, Daisy (UTSA) Institutional, Collective, and Individual Care: Levels of Mental Health Care on an American Campus. Mental health in the context of college campuses is rich in day-to-day, structural, and digital mediums through which messages about care and self-care practices (or lack thereof) are exchanged. Utilizing ethnographic methods with students over six months, I documented stress, anxiety, and coping among Honors students at a university in South Texas with an illness narrative and Foucauldian approach. How are student bodies simultaneously made responsible for their own mental health and blamed for states/outcomes because they do not consume institutional care? Collective, student-led networks of care are better at addressing mental health compared to institutional care alone. daisyparedes@outlook.com (F-08)

PATTERSON, Dillon (U Alabama) Ibogaine Is Not a Drug: Rejecting the Pharmaceutical Industry’s Claim on ‘Our’ Bodies. As opiate addiction rates rise, young Americans challenge federal drug regulations and biomedical approaches to treatment, traveling abroad to embark on ibogaine-induced visionary quests towards sobriety. A grassroots movement of addicts helping addicts, ibogaine therapy represents a growing demand for better psychiatric care. Drawing on Roy D’Andrade’s concept of constitutive rules and fieldwork conducted at an ibogaine therapy clinic in Mexico, this paper: 1) contextualizes prior ibogaine research by providing an ethnographic account of the ibogaine therapy community and its understanding of addiction and treatment, and 2) discusses the political-economic factors impacting the health of community members. drpatterson2@crimson.ua.edu (F-99) 

PAUL-WARD, Amy (FIU) Let Us Be Free Birds: Promoting Independence among Youth with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) in Post-Secondary Education (PSE) Programs. As education has changed over time, how we think about intellectual disability in terms of abilities, diversity and inclusion in higher education settings has also changed. While these changes have led to an increase in the number of programs supporting this population on college campuses, the goals and structures of these programs often replicate the separate and inequitable experiences found in the world of K-12 special education. Drawing from her work with a post-secondary education program for persons with intellectual disabilities, the presenter will discuss the challenges experienced by this group as they seek independence and academic opportunities through the lens of applied anthropology and disability studies. paulward@fiu.edu (TH-132)​​​​​​​ 

PAYNTER, Eleanor (OH State U) Contested Rescue: EU Border Externalization and the Risks of Mediterranean Crossing. During Europe’s recent “refugee crisis,” European Union policy first emphasized rescue at sea, then criminalized rescue, citing the problematic narrative that rescue incentivizes migration. These policies have not stopped migration, and the rate of death at sea has increased. NGO-operated ships that currently patrol the sea lack government support and risk being sequestered for bringing migrants to Italian ports. I argue that changing rescue politics reflect the necropolitical violence of efforts to externalize Europe’s borders. Focusing on two rescue organizations, I map shifting dynamics of risk and enactments of migrant agency within an increasingly hostile climate. paynter.42@osu.edu (F-03)​​​​​​​ 

PECK-BARTLE, Shannon (USF) Shifting Perspectives: Materiality and the Deconstruction of Race and Ethnicity in World History Curriculum. World history curriculum in secondary education traditionally portrays race and ethnicity as static and binary. This severely limits student understanding of complex ethnic and racial identities and relationships in world history and their own community. Through the incorporation of material culture and materiality theory, students in an Advanced Placement World History course explore ways in which artifacts can deconstruct static and binary understandings of ethnicity and race. Initial student responses and reflections on the infusion of materiality and material culture with traditional curricular representations of ethnicity will be presented and discussed. speck@mail.usf.edu (S-35)

PENTTILA, Atte (USF) Land-Use Change at the Food-Energy-Water Nexus: Political Ecology of the Bladen River Watershed, Belize. Global assemblages of food production, water resource use, and energy production–referred to as the “Food-Energy-Water nexus”–alter local ecologies, riparian zones, and agricultural practices. The mutually reinforcing spheres and historical and political contexts in relation to watersheds is scarcely studied. My ethnographic research from the Bladen River watershed in Belize draws on political ecology and FEWs approaches to reveal the interconnectedness of socio-economic and ecological relations in land-use practices. The importance of in-country migration of indigenous Maya, tourism, and displacement of people and non-humans is considered at the watershed scale with implications for interdisciplinary research at the FEWs nexus. attepenttila@mail.usf.edu (S-36)​​​​​​​ 

PEREGRINE, Peter Neal (Lawrence U) Social Capital and Social Resilience: Different Approaches for Different Disasters. A cross-cultural analysis archaeologically-known societies demonstrated that societies with a corporate governance structure are more resilient to catastrophic climate-related disasters. In contrast, the same analyses did not support research in psychology indicating that societies with tighter social norms and greater enforcement of those norms are more resilient. This paper argues that both provide social resilience, but do so only in specific disaster contexts. It is argued that corporate governance fosters resilience to rare but catastrophic climate-related disasters, while tighter social norms foster resilience where disasters are more common and only locally destructive. peter.n.peregrine@lawrence.edu (F-31)​​​​​​​ 

PEREZ, Gina (CSUN) Mexican-American/Chicana Post-Traumatic Growth: Catholicism and Prayer as a Form of Healing. I am examining why within Chicana/o Mexican-American communities, the Catholic faith is in decline. What this research will look at is despite this decline, reconnecting Catholicism to the Chicana/Mexican-Americans and, ultimately, the academic discourse. By focusing on the lived experiences of women’s Catholic prayer groups and looking at spiritual activism, prayer, and post-traumatic growth. To examine why Chicanas leave behind their traditional spiritual knowledge, which is central to the Chicano culture. Faith is an ancestral knowledge of the Chicanismo, is of the theoretical value for literature on the transformational form of indigenous ways of healing within Chicana families. gina.perez.59@my.csun.edu (W-93)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

PERKINS, Harold (Ohio U) and KOZLOWSKI, Michelle (Independent) Environmental Justice in Appalachia Ohio?: An Expanded Consideration of Privilege and the Role It Plays in Defending the Contaminated Status Quo in a White, Working-Class Community. The DuPont (now Chemours) Washington Works plant near Little Hocking, Ohio produced C8 for consumer products. Although company officials were aware in 1984 that the water supply of nearby Little Hocking, Ohio, was contaminated with C8 from their plant, residents were not notified until 2002. Health problems, including cancer, are linked to residents’ exposure. This study asked Little Hocking residents if they consider C8 contamination an injustice. Results indicate a lack of consensus concerning the company’s actions as constituting an injustice. Thus, we identify the challenges environmental justice activists in white, working-class communities must overcome to challenge the contaminated status quo. perkinsh@ohio.edu (TH-156)

PERRY, Anna (Rutgers U) Reimagining Disability Futures in Ethnographic Methodology through Access and Vulnerability. This paper interrogates the absence of disability in the methodology of ethnography. After facing limitations while conducting ethnographic fieldwork during a small-scale research project, I began thinking about what an accessible future in ethnography might look like. As a disabled graduate student, who hopes to use ethnographic methodology in my future research, I was troubled by the structural and methodological barriers I faced that marked disability as an oversight within ethnography. By engaging in self-reflective practices, I explore representations of able-bodiedness/able-mindedness within ethnographic methodology. Through this process, I hope to reimagine disability futures within ethnography that emphasizes accessibility and vulnerability. annaperry531@gmail.com (S-72)​​​​​​​ 

PFEIFFER, Martin (UNM) Practicing Nuclear Secrecy: Museums, Activist Archives, and How Anthropology Can Help Save the World. In this paper I draw on Peircean semiotics, heritage studies, and auto-ethnographic analysis to examine the social work done by performances of nuclear secrecy at a museum site and archival collection in New Mexico. I show that the production of (un)official nuclear knowledge in these places is a shared, often contentious, practice (i.e., between visitors with reference to artifacts and text) with broad reaching implications for imaginaries of national identity, citizenship, and nuclear threat. Furthermore, I argue that through activist archival and museum practices—such as the filing of Freedom of Information Act requests—anthropologists can help save the world. mpfeiffer1@unm.edu (W-42)

PFISTER, Anne (UNF) Language and Identity in Hearing Families with Deaf Children. Most deaf children are born to hearing families. Hearing families with no history of deafness look beyond their families for expertise on how to communicate with their deaf children and this “expertise” takes many forms, including medicalization, therapy and sign language instruction. Research among hearing families with deaf children in Mexico City provokes questions about how language accessibility impacts feelings of belongingness within and beyond family circles. I also highlight the applied components of collaborative research among families with deaf children, including local and transnational advocacy towards increased visibility and accessibility of Mexican Sign Language. (F-102)

PHANEUF, Victoria (BOEM) Place, Politics, and Planning in Disaster Recovery: Coastal Restoration after Deepwater Horizon. This paper investigates the recovery phase of disaster. To do this, we focus on the long-term recovery from the Deepwater Horizon disaster as it plays out through coastal restoration planning in Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, the three central Gulf of Mexico states. Specifically, we adopt a political ecology approach to analyze the interplay of pre-existing and response-driven policies and practices, with a focus on local participation in decision-making. This illuminates two understudied aspects of a disaster: the long-term recovery stage of the disaster process and the nexus of the environment and social and political practices during that phase. victoria.phaneuf@boem.gov (TH-07)​​​​​​​ 

PHILLIPS, Evelyn (CCSU) African Americans in St. Petersburg, Florida: Displaced in Plain Sight. St. Petersburg, Florida from its origins has prescribed where African Americans could live. Since 1990, the city has invested billions not only in its downtown waterfront, but also neighborhoods near downtown once inhabited by African Americans. This process has renamed, erased neighborhoods and used the black historical institutions as capital to attract tourists and new residents. Often city officials promised to improve black communities, however, many blacks discovered their land was no longer available to them as gentrification occurred at their expense. This paper charts the course of displacement of African Americans in St. Petersburg, Florida. Phillipse@ccsu.edu (TH-122)

PHILLIPS, James (SOU) Indigenous Environmental Activism in Honduras in Defense of National and Global Citizenship. The Honduran state depends on neoliberal extractivism that undermines the citizenship of Indigenous communities through marginalization and criminalization of Indigenous defense of land and resources. The Lenca of western Honduras counter this through cultural reclamation of national symbols and active leadership in environmental struggles. Other Hondurans see them and other Indigenous groups as a frontline in defense of national resources and sovereignty. The Lenca appeal to international Indigenous rights discourse and environmental solidarity that moves toward a global citizenship based on care for the planet and human rights. Slain Lenca activist Berta Cáceres is an internationally recognized symbol of this. (F-06)​​​​​​​ 

PINA, Sashiel, SCOTT, Mary Alice, and THOMAS, Rhianna (NMSU), TSABETAYE, McKayla (San Juan Coll), KANE, Abigail, DE LA ROSA, Ivan, and CEBALLOS, Rachel (NMSU) SDH Screening Tool and Its Effectiveness in a Border Clinic. Healthcare in the U.S. has historically focused on the physiological needs of patients. The social aspect of patient health has needed more research to comprehend the effectiveness of tools that screen for social needs. This presentation describes a preliminary analysis of qualitative data collected as part of a pilot study, which evaluates the use of a social determinants health screening tool that is part of an electronic medical record at a primary care clinic in the U.S.-Mexico border region. Themes that have emerged in the preliminary analysis are patient-physician relationships, biological versus social needs, and differing expectations of care. (W-09)​​​​​​​ 

PINIERO, Maricel, BALLESTEROS, Adriana, BOLAÑOS, Adriana, NAVARRO, Diego, and MARTINEZ, Eliana (AGROSAVIA) An Innovative and Socio-ecologically Resilient Territory: The Case of AGROSAVIA’s Methodology Implementation. AGROSAVIA has different roles in the development of Colombia’s agriculture. This includes giving support to the National System of Agricultural Innovation through the validation of a methodology that pushes Territorial Innovation System. The methodology promotes local development through strengthening capacities, augmenting productive system’s competitiveness via sustainable use of resources such as water, soil and biodiversity that consequently would improve the quality of life and empowerment of the community. This paper presents Cajamarca’s experience of implementing two phases of this methodology, highlighting methods used and lessons learned in trying to change the “chips” of the local people and positioning them as protagonists of the process. mpiniero@gmail.com (W-36)​​​​​​​ 

PINKERTON, Evelyn (SFU), OGIER, Emily and GARDNER, Caleb (U Tasmania), VAN PUTTEN, Ingrid (CSIRO) The Full Cost of Privatizing Fishing Access Privileges. Coastal fishing communities in some jurisdictions have been abandoned by government in its rush to capture the presumed benefits of neoliberal approaches such as Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQs). Many countries report the “emptying out” of such communities as investors buy up ITQs, transfer them outside the community or lease them out at unaffordable prices. This paper asks what the economic and cultural consequences are of such losses, both to the residents of the communities and to the governments who may now have to support previously prosperous, tax-contributing, healthy communities, with payments for welfare, unemployment, and social dysfunction. epinkert@sfu.ca (W-67)​​​​​​​ 

PLEASANT, Traben (OR State U) Island Barriers and Neglected Citizens: Black and Indigenous Perspectives on Education and Technology in Bocas del Toro, Panama. This research is based on a 10-month ethnography of education barriers and the implications of computer technology within two island communities in Bocas del Toro, Panama. I analyze and compare perspectives from each community (one community is predominantly Black or Afro-Caribbean and the other is indigenous, Ngäbe). I also identify how education barriers link to government neglect, and explore potential economic, political and technology-based solutions to mitigate education barriers in the region. I use the notion of “education as a practice of freedom” (Paulo Freire) as a theoretical approach to critically analyze regional inequality. (F-124)​​​​​​​ 

PLESHET, Noah (U Arizona) Returns to Country: 20^th Century Indigenous Migrations in Central Australia. This paper examines histories of migration and return among Indigenous central Australians, dawn by new resources, and driven by draught and settler expansions, notably facilitated by ranches, railways, and telegraph corridors. Returns have been facilitated by diverse factors including participation in animal bounty systems, Land Rights movements, and involvement in impact assessment studies of cultural landscapes and protected area management plans. Drawing on ethnographic and archival evidence, I argue what is today called ‘return to country’ is part of a longer history of Indigenous struggles to occupy and use traditional lands and resources, and to remain connected with treasured cultural landscapes. noahpleshet@email.arizona.edu (F-125)​​​​​​​ 

PLESHET, Noah (U Arizona) and JONES, Charmaine (Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara) Ancient Alignments, New Roads: Corridors of Infrastructure and Cultures of Landscape in Central Australia. This paper examines a context where roads are embedded within Indigenous cultural landscapes, intersecting the “tracks” of totemic ancestral beings, generated as they traversed the land in the Dreaming or creation time. For transport planners, and no less for road engineers and construction contractors, the intersection of roads and ancestral tracks constitutes unique design constraints. Reflecting on our role in cultural resource impact assessments for remote road rebuilding, we argue that while roads are modern disturbances to enduring configurations of place, they are also corridors for the reproduction of cultural landscapes in the present. Our paper highlights the importance of Indigenous-governed participatory transport planning and design, towards protecting the vitality of Indigenous cultures of place. (TH-103)

POLLNAC, Richard (URI) and SEARA, Tarsila (U New Haven) Anthropic Impacts of Hurricanes Irma and Maria on Fishing Communities in Puerto Rico. In September 2017 Hurricane Irma followed by Maria had enormous impacts on Puerto Rico—some refer to Maria as the most devastating hurricane to hit the island in 80 years. The presentation evaluates the utility of using a complex model, including proximate and distal variables, to understand the impacts of these natural disasters and the role that intervening variables have on mitigating or exacerbating the impacts. Sociocultural data collected before and after these events is used to test the utility of the models used. pollnacrb@gmail.com (TH-11)

POMALES, Tony (Dickinson Coll) Challenging Disposability Politics: Aging, Social Suffering, and Health Activism among Sex-Working Women in Costa Rica. This paper explores the health impacts of prolonged sex industry stay as well as the perceptions of middle-aged and near-old age prostitutes. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork among older adult sex-working women in San José, Costa Rica, I discuss how research participants cast prolonged sex industry stay as an important health determinant. I theorize their mounting health activism around aging concerns both as a way to access resources that will help them achieve a “good life” in old age and as a political vehicle for challenging disposability politics and for evoking and stimulating a critical conversation about care deservingness, social welfare, and gender in Costa Rica. (W-69)​​​​​​​ 

POMEROY, Carrie (CA Sea Grant, UCSD & Inst of Marine Sci UCSC), CULVER, Carolynn (CA Sea Grant, UCSB), and HECK, Nadine (UCSC & ECU) Policy and Practice in Marine Space Use Governance: On Common Ground Or At Cross Purposes? Relatively new ocean uses such as aquaculture and offshore renewable energy are jockeying for space in an already-busy ocean. Agencies with varied roles, authorities and capacities are grappling with developing, interpreting, and implementing policy to govern space use. We used mixed methods to identify and address information needs related to integrating aquaculture and fisheries in California. Drawing on interviews with agency staff, aquaculturists and fishermen and archival research, we examine the relationships among agencies’ policies and practices. While there are commonalities among them, there are also critical differences and disconnects, with implications for information generation, synthesis and application in decision-making. cpomeroy@ucsd.edu (W-97)​​​​​​​ 

POST, Kristin (Marine Corps U) Seeking Safety: How Rumors and Violence Reveal Truths about Contagion. After the Ebola outbreak in West Africa, health providers acknowledged that the initial containment efforts lacked community input, especially where they encountered violence. Media reports covering that violence, and similar responses in the Democratic Republic of Congo, have identified rumor as contributing to these negative reactions. While rumor has remained under-examined in academic literature, these recent examples link rumor to violence and a lack of community involvement in consistent ways. The paper will examine the role rumor played in a violent episode in West Point, a Liberian neighborhood, as a case study that illustrates the importance of local participation in response efforts. 1913pk@gmail.com (F-38)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

PRAIN, Gordon and KAWARAZUKA, Nozomi (Int’l Potato Ctr) Agri-Food System Resilience among Ethnic Minority Communities in Asian Hill Regions. Robert Rhoades was passionate about the way farming families shape their livelihoods through intimate knowledge of local ecologies and he saw a key element of international development involving “sustainability and self-determination of indigenous communities.” This paper builds on these insights through a literature review and fieldwork among ethnic minority swidden cultivators in hill areas in Asia to understand the gendered resilience of these agri-food systems in the face of climate change shocks and stresses. The paper explores the contribution of roots and tubers – another of Bob’s passions – to both the resilience and the transformation of those systems. gprain50@gmail.com (W-36)

PREAUX, Annie, KINGTON, Sarah, and CASTRO, Arachu (Tulane U) Hospital Personnel’s Perceptions and Rationalization of Obstetric Violence in the Dominican Republic. Obstetric violence is a frequent form of gender-based violence and a violation of women’s rights. To better understand obstetric violence from the perspective of hospital personnel, we conducted 98 interviews with attending physicians, residents, nurses, and administrative personnel in three public maternity hospitals in the Dominican Republic in July and August 2019. These interviews addressed what hospital personnel perceived to be mistreatment of women during childbirth and their understanding of the concept of obstetric violence. Through these interviews, we achieved a better understanding of how discrimination and health system failures drive obstetric violence in public hospitals. apreaux@tulane.edu (W-99)

PRENTICE-WALZ, Heather (UCSB) “Nou pa gen leta”: Community Perceptions of the State in Rural Haiti. Based on ongoing ethnographic research in a rural province in Southwestern Haiti, this paper explores shifting community perceptions of the Haitian State in a “post-disaster” context. The research is sited in a region of Haiti that has been directly impacted by Hurricane Matthew in 2016 and the subsequent influx of international NGOs and development groups, as well as the 2018 PetroCaribe political scandal which has resulted in ongoing nationwide protests, political unrest, and economic instability. This paper explores the question of where community members locate, and how they relate to, the Haitian state in an uncertain and shifting geopolitical landscape. hprenticewalz@ucsb.edu (F-121)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

PUCKETT, R. Fleming (Kalahari Peoples Fund) “Desert Anarchists”: The Peculiar Importance of Broader Collaboration for the Future of ǂKhomani San Autonomy. Growing, collaborative movements are disseminating indigenous conceptions of land ownership and leadership and helping ensure San voices are heard in producing and applying such knowledge. Recent successes on the ǂKhomani lands resulted from careful listening, observations, and actions of several collaborators who helped create space for San-style, small-group leadership. There are threats to ǂKhomani livelihoods, land ownership, and “cultural rebirth,” however, including encroachment, drought, apathetic local government, and the return of Land Reform’s imposed, community-wide governance structures, which previously failed. ǂKhomani success depends upon continuing fragmented, autonomous leadership forms, which will actually require increased listening, conversation, and collaboration to achieve. fleming.puckett@oxfordalumni.org (F-02)