Paper Abstracts

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MACEYKO, Melissa (CSULB) Building Sociality through Embodied Interaction: Designing and Implementing a Multiethnic Youth Summer Camp in Rural Bulgaria. This paper uses ethnographic and linguistic data to assess the design and enactment of a multiethnic youth summer camp in rural north-central Bulgaria in 2019, a camp which sought to use team-based sports and physical problem-solving activities to facilitate building positive relationships between differently positioned Bulgarian youth, including those who identify as Roma. Drawing from existing literature on embodied communication within team sports (e.g. Streek 2018) and the negotiation of rules and relationships through interactions during play (e.g. M. Goodwin 2006), I consider the value of this aspect of camp-design for better understanding (mis)communication and fostering more expansive forms of sociality. Melissa.Maceyko@csulb.edu (F-128) 

MACLEOD, Erin (Vanier Coll) and ANDERSON, Moji (U W Indies) Beyond Homophobia: An Unapologetically Caribbean LGBTQ Space. While the first author was supervising a dissertation on homoerotic photography in mid-20th century Jamaica and the second author was writing a paper on queer Jamaican men’s navigation of space and identity, it became evident that conventional discourses around homosexuality and homophobia in Jamaica were problematic, obscuring the varied, complex lives of its LGBTQ citizens. Thus was born the Beyond Homophobia symposium, and then two international conferences that expanded to include LGBTQ communities across the Americas. We will describe the growing importance of the conference, as well as challenges, accomplishments and plans for the future. macleode@vaniercollege.qc.ca (S-12) 

MACTAVISH, Kate (OR State U) and LILE, Joy (WA State U) “I’ve been through a lot”: Perspectives on the Developmental Experiences of Low-income Rural Youth. This paper examines the perspectives that rural youth and adults important to their lives hold on growing up in poverty. While youth talk about drawing strength from life challenges, inspiration from their families, and define their “getting lost” (dropping out) and reengaging in school as evidence of resilience, adults (mentors, teachers and community leaders) define these youth as “diamonds in the rough,” identify their families as something they will have to “overcome,” and relegate them to alternative or special programs in school. Findings have implications for how rural communities might better support the development of low-income youth. kate.mactavish@oregonstate.edu (S-73)

MAES, Kenny (OR State U), CLOSSER, Svea (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg SPH), TESFAYE, Yihenew (OR State U), and ABESHA, Rosa (Independent) Ethiopia’s Women’s Development Army and the Exploitation of Women’s “Volunteer” Labor in Global Health. Ethiopia’s Women’s Development Army is a national program that aims to empower women and improve population health by exploiting women’s “volunteer” labor. This paper summarizes four years of mixed-methods research on how rural health officials in Amhara implement this program, and how “army” leaders characterize their unpaid roles. We show that women who serve as army leaders are worse off than their peers in various socioeconomic respects. High levels of psychological distress among women are driven by food and water insecurity and other stressful experiences. These findings demonstrate that global health programs continue to exploit female labor amid persistent poverty. kenneth.maes@oregonstate.edu (S-61) 

MAHONEY, Dillon and BAER, Roberta D. (USF), 
BEHRMAN, Carolyn (U Akron) Unique Issues for Resettling Refugees from the Congo Wars. In this article, we reflect on some of our experiences working with Refugees from the Congo Wars (RFCWs) in two very different US settings and address some of the challenges we have faced as applied/practicing anthropologists and resettlement support personnel. Juxtaposing a larger southern city -Tampa- with a smaller rustbelt city -Akron- we see many commonalties but also a few differences that likely relate to host city size and existing diversity profiles. As we discuss, gender, marital status, generation, and literacy levels all intersect with and compound the challenges of service provision in the face of partially-obscured class-based diversity that often frustrates service providers. (W-94) 

MAKINO, Fuyuki (Waseda U) Transition of Immigration Policy and Creation of New Social Space in the United States: Religion, Economy and Entertainment. Until the 2000s, the center of Mexican immigrants’ social space in the United States was Catholic religious events such as Asuncion. However, with the rapid development of transportation and communication technology, immigrants since the 2000s have greatly changed the formation of social space. While maintaining a virtual social space with SNS, they frequently move between California and Mexico to conduct small-scale economic activities. They will also have a football and other recreational exchange with friends who have completely immigrated to the United States. Here, I consider the new social space created by the younger generation of Mexican immigrants and their homeland. fuyuki@ruri.waseda.jp (W-03) 

MANDACHE, Luminita-Anda (U Arizona) Unforeseen Impacts of Local Development Policy: Measuring the “Good” Produced through Alternative Currencies in Urban Northeast Brazil. This paper explores the unforeseen positive impact of NGO work on urban and economically deprived communities. The analysis focuses on the Palma, an alternative currency implemented by a local NGO operating at the margins of Fortaleza, Brazil. Responding to a gap in the literature on social economy and its impacts in poor urban areas, this paper discusses how the alternative currency 1) changed the local image of the neighborhood; and 2) expanded NGO’s cultural and social capital, thus decreasing its reliance on state funding. lmandache@email.arizona.edu (S-05) 

MANNING, Sherry and HIZOLA, Lee Karen (Global Seed Savers) Restoring Food and Seed Sovereignty throughout the Philippines: Reviving Community-based Seed Saving Practices and Establishing Seed Libraries for Climate Resilience. Global Seed Savers is an international non-profit organization committed to supporting food sovereignty in the Philippines. Through educating and empowering farmers to return to the historical practice of saving seeds they are no longer dependent on purchasing seeds after each planting and forced to use harmful chemicals to grow these seeds. We work with indigenous and non-indigenous organic farming practitioners across the Philippines leading capacity building efforts and helping communities establish community operated seed libraries. In the Philippines the ancient practice of saving seeds has almost been forgotten, creating access to seeds and revitalizing existing knowledge on seed saving is vital. sherry@globalseedsavers.org (W-06) 

MANTINI BRIGGS, Clara (ISSI UC-Berkeley) Fighting Chronic Cultural Impossibility: When the Rights to Health of Indigenous People Are at Stake in the Context of International Politics of Migration. Although health professionals generally embrace conceptions of health as a fundamental right, many practitioners use a framework that, in critical race scholar Denise Silva’s terms, “produces and regulates human condition and establishes (morally and intellectually) a distinct kind of human being.” In the Delta Amacuro rainforest in eastern Venezuela, indigenous Warao communities were devastated by epidemics that similarly underlined the fatal effects of health/communicative inequities. This paper traces efforts by this population in both epidemics and recent massive migrations to Brazil to use their capacity to produce knowledge, in identifying the problem, to find answers, design strategies, and propose solutions. (S-01) 

MARATHE, Megh (U Michigan) The Contingent and Relational Nature of Epilepsy Diagnosis. Epilepsy is a chronic illness and disability characterized by recurrent, unpredictable seizures, during which people lose control over body-mind function. Doctors use electroencephalography (EEG), a diagnostic procedure that represents brain activity as waves, to diagnose seizures. EEG helped establish the biological pathology of epilepsy and serves as the cornerstone of present-day neurology. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork with neurologists-in-training at a large midwestern US hospital, this paper shows that seizure diagnosis depends not only on clinical factors but also on social and environmental factors. Taking medical technology seriously helps me think through the seizure as phenomenon and epilepsy as disease category. marathem@umich.edu (F-132) 

MARCONI, Veronica (OR State U) Labor Exploitation as Usual: On the Trivialization of Systemic Migrant Exploitation in Tuscany, Italy. This paper offers an analysis of how the intersection between migration and labor policies in Italy allows for a systematic exploitation of migrants. Focusing on the neglect of labor trafficking by the regional anti-trafficking apparatus of Tuscany, this research revealed that structural constraints institutionalized by policy allow for, and normalize, migrant exploitation. While migrants experience a continuum of conditions including severe exploitation and what is defined as trafficking, those are grossly neglected by the anti-trafficking apparatus given their systemic occurrence and the normalization of exploitation. marconiv@oregonstate.edu (S-02)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MARIL, Lee (ECU) and HALL, Jayme (Independent) “Todo Bien, Gracias a Dios”: The Impact of National Policy Change upon Immigrant Children and Their Families in Public School Classrooms in Two Communities in Rural North Carolina. Recent changes in immigration policy by the current administration directly impact immigrant children and their families as evidenced in daily learning, teaching, and administration in public schools. Our research focuses on two different rural counties in eastern North Carolina in which immigrant families reside. We document the voices of children, parents, and others as they participate in the processes of public education and contend, both in the classroom and in their larger communities, with changing educational and community expectations fueled by Washington public policy. Our research is based upon three years of classroom observations and an initial ten interviews with immigrant parents. marilr@ecu.edu (TH-152)​​​​​​​ 

MARK, Brigid (CSBSJU) Machismo, Colonización, y La Madre Tierra: The Connection between Women and Nature in Guatemala. Ecofeminism notices a connection between the domination of women and the domination of the earth. Through the lens of ecofeminism, this research investigates beliefs about women and nature within the unique context of Guatemala, a country in which an alliance between resource-extracting corporations and government often results in murder of female and male environmental activists. Analysis of 18 in-depth interviews reveals that colonization and neo-colonization impose economic, religious, and social systems distinct from Indigenous systems. When comparing Western and Indigenous worldviews, interviewees criticize what they identify as colonizer-imposed systems as destructive to both women and the earth. bmark001@csbsju.edu (W-75)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MARTÍNEZ-HUME, Anna Christina (MI State U) “If Not Me Then Who?”: Legacy, Indigeneity and NGO Worker Subjectivity in Maya Guatemala. As NGOs continue to play important roles in imagining healthy futures for the underserved, this may require not only technical health interventions, but active historical reflection, community collaboration, and solidarity. This paper compares the subjectivities of NGO workers navigating competing interpersonal and institutional realities, as articulated by the experiences of participants from two long standing health-focused NGOs in Guatemala. I argue that indigeneity and institutional legacy coalesce to influence NGO workers attentiveness to the intersectionality involved in the health issues present in the Maya communities they serve. These compounding social factors simultaneously shape meanings of the organizations’ collective institutional identities. mart1594@msu.edu (S-61)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MARTINEZ-MENDOZA, Samantha and LIBEROS, Mariet (St. Peter’s U) Resisting 2019 Immigration Terrors: A Culture of Survival. This paper is collectively written by students of undocumented, mixed family and U.S, citizen status. Some have DACA, some are citizens and some of no status who by virtue of language, skin or hijab are in danger. While the authors attend a university with a Center for Undocumented Students in a Sanctuary City, their daily routines are increasingly deteriorating as mothers, fathers, aunts, uncles, siblings and many of them risk detention centers for eventual deportations. Even citizens are routinely detained and at times locked up. In the morning they leave houses where people may be missing in the evening. However, the ethnography these authors present are not as victims. They are going through increasing deeper levels of hell and need to tell their stories of resistance for themselves, for us and for our nation. smartinez17@saintpeters.edu, mlibreros15@saintpeters.edu (W-123)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MARTÍNEZ, David (ASU) Rebirth and Recognition in Southern Arizona: How the Hia Ced O’odham Are Reasserting Their Sovereignty. What happens when a distinct group is written out of existence by executive order? My paper takes a Hia Ced O’odham perspective on the formation of the 1917 Papago Reservation and the 1937 Papago Tribal Constitution, both which suppressed the existence of the Hia Ced O’odham, in spite of evidence that they were an extant and active part of the O’odham community. In so doing, I affirm the Hia Ced O’odham as a sovereign member of the O’odham community, extending from historic to contemporary times, complete with a sense of indigenous nationhood. David.Martinez.3@asu.edu (W-72)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MARTINEZ, Doreen E. (CO State U) Science Immemorial: Indigenous Foundations for Ecosystems. Since time immemorial, Indigenous knowledge(s) foundational elements are natural reason, collective principles and deep logic. These values and beliefs require practice and adherences to reverence that extend beyond Western science. Through these Indigenous generational processes, ecosystems are understood via natural reason, dissemination occurs through collective oral and written traditions, and reinforcement of deep logic is demonstrated in reverence through song, dance, and ceremony. As TEK or Indigenous ways of knowing our natural world is pursued, key understandings and deliberate integration are necessary to move past stereotypical or oversimplified notions of Indigenous knowing and/or fractured integration of its principles and practices. (T-98)​​​​​​​ 

MARTINEZ, Konane and HOLMES, Kristine (CSUSM) “It’s not our job”: Healthcare Workers’ Perspectives on Public Charge. In the midst of changes to the federal government expansion of public charge determinations for immigrants, healthcare workers struggle to provide adequate advice to immigrant clients fearful of the implications of their participation in public programs such as food stamps and Medicaid. Research conducted in the California border region explores the overlooked perspectives of the health care workers who are key points of contact for immigrants navigating the healthcare system. The research determined the vital need for inclusion of healthcare workers in addressing the structural barriers that have resulted from the changes to public charge policies. kmartine@csusm.edu (TH-158)​​​​​​​ 

MATHEWS, Holly (ECU) Understanding Nervios as a Resurgent Idiom of Distress among Older Latina Women in Eastern North Carolina. The most reported health issue in three focus groups with Latina women, ages 50 and over, in eastern North Carolina, was ataques de nervios stemming from lack of documents and fears of deportation, financial worries and the high cost of health care, perceived discrimination by service providers, and the stress of trying to manage the health issues of other family members. Women felt acutely the loss of extended family networks and alternative sources of care in these emerging communities, raising the issue of how best to provide them assistance in managing family health care. mathewsh@ecu.edu (W-08)

MATOSSIAN, Anahid (UKY) “Syria is our birthplace, Armenia is our Homeland”: Disjointed Cultural Citizenship of Ethnic Armenian Women from Syria in Yerevan, Armenia. Since the start of the Syrian conflict in 2011, approximately 20,000 Syrian citizens of ethnic Armenian descent fled to Yerevan, Armenia, enticed by promises of cultural citizenship by the host state, membership in a shared ethno-religious identity, and security. Interested citizens must provide proof of Armenian ethnicity and proof of baptism in the Armenian Orthodox church. I argue that Armenian state’s discourses of repatriation and instrumentalization of the memory of the 1915 Armenian genocide conflicts with individual memories of Syrian Armenian women of a nostalgically constructed, post-genocide “home” left behind in Syria. Syrian Armenian women in Yerevan don’t feel they’re fully citizens, refugees, or repatriates. (TH-02)

MATTELIANO, Melanie (U Colorado) Destination Delicious: Land-based Education and Experiential Learning. Ethnographic research with farmers, ranchers, and homesteaders in Colorado’s North Fork Valley, an agricultural community which contains the highest concentration of organic farms in the state, found that land relationships unfold in a social context that values knowledge sharing and education. Individuals who engage in land-based livelihoods acquire knowledge through experiential learning, resulting in embodied expertise and situated connection with land. At the same time, farmers also facilitate educational experiences for agro-tourists and other visitors, which offer brief experiences of connection to land with the goal of promoting sustainable growing practices and better understanding of the food system. mema0984@colorado.edu (TH-91)​​​​​​​ 

MATTES, Seven (MI State U) A More-Than-Human Approach to Disaster. The relationships humans share with non-human animals, from companion to dairy cow, impacts the agency of both in a disaster context. Approaching disaster from a multispecies ethnographic lens unveils these interconnected vulnerabilities – providing the building blocks for developing multispecies resiliency tactics. Building on 12 months of multispecies ethnographic fieldwork with animal rescue non-profit organizations who aided in the 2011 Fukushima evacuation and aftermath, I consider the role this approach can have in strengthening disaster preparedness for both human and non-human animal in broader contexts. mattes.seven@gmail.com (TH-96)​​​​​​​ 

MATTHEWS, Elise (U Regina), AL-JA’AFREH, Somaya (U Jordan), and GELECH, Jan (U Saskatchewan) Language, Translation and Representation: Critical Interpretation of Arabic Speaking Refugee Women’s Experiences Presented in English. Qualitative inquiry faces challenges to rigour when data is collected in one language, Arabic, and presented in another, English. Issues of representation, interpretation and meaning are introduced when experience is expressed through speech, transcribed into text, and translated. Further distance inheres in the cultural differences between academic women researchers (one bilingual, one unilingual) and Syrian refugee women participants. The implications of translation at different phases of the analytical process are discussed, with a critical reflection on recommended procedures from the literature on cross-language research. Principles of transparency, visibility of the translator interpreter role and efficiency are core to our decision-making. elise.matthews@uregina.ca (TH-34)​​​​​​​ 

MAUPIN, Jonathan (ASU) Perceptions of Mental Illness in Highland Guatemala. While recent national surveys provide estimates of the prevalence of mental disorders in Guatemala, few studies examine public perceptions, stigma, or treatment of mental illnesses. Using a series of standardized vignettes, this paper examines perceptions of the causes of, treatments for, and social distance towards specific mental illnesses among a sample of women in a semi-rural community in the Central Highlands of Guatemala. Results demonstrate the relationship between social distance and perceptions of violence, types of causation, as well as familiarity with the conditions and highlight issues of mental health literacy, stigma, and treatment options in under-served communities. jmaupin@asu.edu (W-38)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MAW, Madison (BYU) A Woman’s Place: The Clash between Quichua and Christianity. Since the time of the Incan empire, the Quichua people have had deep roots in their mythologies. But since the colonization of Ecuador, there has been a suppressive movement to halt traditional Quichua culture. Many indigenous people have picked up Spanish and have converted to Christianity in order to gain favor in society. However, there are some specific myths that they adhere to still that clash with Christian culture. One main piece of contention is the role of women. While Quichua myths of the Wituk and Manduru teach of womanly power and redemption, Christianity still implies woman submissiveness. madison.maw13@gmail.com (W-75)​​​​​​​ 

MAYS, Alisha (UKY) Household Food Production, Food Sovereignty, and the Moral Economy in Appalachia. Appalachian Kentucky has both a long history of gardening and self-provisioning, but also high rates of economic inequality. This paper uses qualitative data and a food sovereignty framework to understand what motivates people across the class spectrum to self-provision, and whether social class has an impact on the motivation to self-provision. The author seeks to offer a better understanding of the cultural imperative to grow your own food, the experience of consuming and exchanging homegrown foods in the formal and informal food economy, as well as the social relationships surrounding food production. (W-01)​​​​​​​ 

MAZUR-STOMMEN, Susan (Indicia Consulting) Characterizing Household Engagement with Personal Technology Using Ethnographic Decision Tree Models. This project investigated engagement of households with personal consumer electronics. The research team aimed to identify “cybersensitives.” Cybersensitives are people who exhibit a greater emotional connection to their phones, tablets, and other personal technology such as wearables (electronic devices worn as accessories, embedded in clothing, implanted in the user’s body). This project collected qualitative data via in-depth interviews with a cohort of 48 households and a questionnaire with 298 respondents. We used the qualitative data to construct an Ethnographic Decision Tree Model. The EDTM was used to organize a population according to the presence or absence of traits of cybersensitivity. susanmazur@indiciaconsulting.com (TH-127)​​​​​​​

MCCABE, J. Terrence (U Colorado) Under What Conditions Do Extreme Events Become Transformative?: An Examination of the 2008/09 Drought in Northern Tanzania. In 2008 communities in northern Tanzania and southern Kenya experienced severe, but not unprecedented drought. Hundreds of Massai pastoralists and hundreds of thousands of cattle from both sides of the border migrated south to the Simanjiro plains. By mid-2009 migrants had returned home, and in the years that followed many of the villages in Simanjiro changed the rules of access from ethnically-based informal institutions to village-based formal institutions. In this presentation I explore the underlying conditions which led to this dramatic shift in rules governing access to natural resources precipitated by the drought, and the long-term consequences of this change. tmccabe@colorado.edu (F-31)

MCCALL, Grant and GREAVES, Russell (Ctr for Human-Env Rsch) Creating a Diversion: Perceptions of the Mid-Barataria Sediment Diversion among Fishing Communities in Southeast Louisiana. A key coastal restoration strategy along the Gulf Coast of the Mississippi River Delta is the construction of sediment diversions, such as the Mid-Barataria Sediment Diversion. This project has been extremely controversial among communities across coastal Southeast Louisiana. Our paper examines the sources of these negative feelings, as well as their potential impacts on this project. We find that local communities have been influenced by a long history of environmental injustice at the hands of state and federal authorities. We also feel that there are legitimate fears concerning the impacts of the sediment diversion project on local fishing economies. mccall@cherscience.org (F-02)​​​​​​​ 

MCCLURE, Stephanie (U Alabama) Integrity of Type, Not Integrity of Competition: Natural Testosterone, Women Athletes and Perceptions of Threat. Its methods have progressed, but the motives for sex verification in women’s athletics are unchanged: maintaining the ‘integrity’ of competition by eliminating ‘cheats’ and ‘deviants.’ Cheats are men who compete as women to secure ‘easy’ wins. ‘Deviants’ are ‘overly masculine’ women whose bodies flout gendered presentation and prowess norms. After a decade of effort, sports governing bodies succeeded in branding South African runner Caster Semenya with both labels. Recent rulings require Semenya to undergo hyperandrogenism (excessive testosterone) treatment to compete. This policy legitimizes hegemonic norms concerning female physique, prowess and heterosexual appeal – preserving integrity of type, not integrity of competition. smcclur1@ua.edu (S-12)​​​​​​​ 

MCCUNE, Meghan (SUNY JCC) School Districts as a Tool for Decolonization: A Case Study of Salamanca City Central School District. Salamanca, New York is a Congressional village located almost entirely on the Seneca Nation of Indians’ Allegany Territory. Historically the city was almost exclusively white and conflicts over Seneca land and resources within Salamanca have produced a ground zero environment for many anti-Indian sovereignty movements. Within recent years, more Seneca families have moved into the city and the Salamanca City Central School District has benefited financially from its population and location on an Indigenous territory through annual Federal Impact Aid. This paper analyzes the role of the District in decolonization and highlights the power of local government action. MeghanMcCune@mail.sunyjcc.edu (F-61)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MCDONALD, James (U Montevallo) Environmental Apartheid and Precarious Citizenship in Alabama. Neoliberal restructuring of global capitalism and the governance systems that support it is resulting in stark inequalities that effect poor communities in terms of well-being. The early 21st century US reveals the fiction of democracy that masks the operation of a republic. Democratic institutions might illuminate environmental injustices, encourage broad engagement, and protect citizen rights. Yet those institutions (e.g., EPA) operate to disengage through a complex, hierarchical system that supports elite privilege. This paper examines the crisis of democracy through two cases—Uniontown and North Birmingham—that are exemplars of environmental apartheid and precarious citizenship. jmcdonald@montevallo.edu (F-34)​​​​​​​

MCGREEVY, John (UGA) Second Impact Syndrome: Changing Livelihood Strategies and Landscapes With Increased Disaster Frequency in Rural Haiti. Increasing frequency of climate-related disasters has shortened intervals between disaster events. Households are denied the time needed to prepare for a second impact, and they must alter their adaptive strategies to cope with the novel situation. Twelve months of ethnographic research in Haiti’s Southern Peninsula show changing livelihood strategies in conjunction with Hurricane Matthew and the drought that immediately followed. Geospatial analysis shows how these altered strategies and the double impact of two climate-related disturbances have altered the biophysical landscape of the region, producing a different stage on which future disasters will occur and requiring new forms of adaptation. john.mcgreevy@uga.edu (F-41)​​​​​​​ 

MCGUIRE, Joseph (U Alabama) ‘Not how I thought life would be’: Exploring the Effects of Protracted Liminality and Sociocultural Incongruity on the Millennial Body. The Millennial Generation is facing unprecedented burnout and increasing mortalities due to ‘deaths of despair.’ Economic precarity and the resulting stresses offer some explanation, but little ethnography of this generation exists. How do Millennial life-trajectories compare to those of their generational predecessors, given post-2008 political-economies? If these differences are harmful, is said harm distributed equally throughout society? Rooted in biocultural theory, this paper serves to offer a conceptual framework for addressing these questions, to give voice to Millennial’s lived experiences, and to remind the academy that American disenfranchisement now affects more than the ‘usual suspects,’ reaching into America’s largest sub-populations. jdmcguire2@crimson.ua.edu (F-99)​​​​​​​ 

MCILVAINE-NEWSAD, Heather and DELANY-BARMANN, Gloria (WIU) PTSD, Hurricane Maria, and Therapeutic Yoga in Puerto Rico. Yoga-based mindfulness programs are an innovative way in which to manage post traumatic-stress and lessen depression among populations affected by disasters. This study reports the findings of an eight-week yoga intervention in survivors of Hurricane Maria in Ponce, Puerto Rico. Data gathered includes self-evaluation on fear, anxiety, sadness and interrupted sleep. Bi-weekly measurements of heart rate and breath rate were also gathered. Preliminary findings suggest that mindfulness based yoga practices may be useful in the management of stress following a natural disaster in people with widely differing social and economic backgrounds. h-mcilvaine-newsad@wiu.edu (S-41)​​​​​​​ 

MCKENNA, Brian (U Michigan) Flint’s Fascism: Toxic Water, Racism and Citizen Action. The country was shocked when it was revealed that Michigan government was complicit in poisoning Flint Michigan’s public water supply in 2015-16. Officials had switched from Detroit’s Lake Huron to the less expensive, and dirtier, Flint River as a resource. The result was catastrophic lead exposure to thousands of children to this majority African-American city. There were at least 12 deaths from Legionnaire’s disease. This presentation explains how the ongoing crisis in Flint is representative of a growing neoliberal fascism in America. It underscores the necessity of creating alliances between citizens, whistleblowers, muckraking reporters and radical academics in the struggle. mckennab@umich.edu (F-34)​​​​​​​

MCLELLAND, Rachel (TTU) The Normalization of Pain in Female D1 Athletes. Research on injuries in collegiate players has looked intently into ACL injuries in athletes but there is a hole in the research of the normalization of pain. What is it in the mind of a competitor, specifically D1 female athletes, that keeps them competing? How do they take pain or injury and decide to keep playing? My research looks into female D1 athletes across a variety of sports and their mindset as competitors at the highest collegiate level. (F-162)​​​​​​​ 

MCMAHAN, Ben (U Arizona) Workforce Mobility and Market Volatility: Shifting Social and Environmental Landscapes in Southern Louisiana. Residents of southern Louisiana have a long history with oil and gas, including expertise in technologies and equipment associated with extraction and production, and experience with the boom and bust cycles in the oil and gas industry. Hurricanes and coastal land loss represent a different kind of volatility, tied to short term exposure during storms, and long term changes to the coastal landscape. This paper explores community dynamics and impacts within the context of an increasingly mobile workforce following trends in the oil and gas industry, and the environmental landscape of coastal communities with intricate relationships to oil and gas, hurricanes, and environmental change. bmcmahan@email.arizona.edu (TH-07)​​​​​​​ 

MCNEECE, Avery and LYNN, Christopher D. (U Alabama), HOWELLS, Michaela (UNCW) The Mythical Balancing Act: The Work-Life Seesaw in Anthropology. The custom of long-term field research is still alive and well in anthropology. Valuable insight can be gained through immersion in and exploration of our own research customs. Between 2015 and 2017, we surveyed over 1000 anthropology graduate students and professionals. Results included both quantitative indications of imbalance and personal anecdotes about the specifics of fieldwork and managing a personal life. Using a grounded theoretical approach, we coded those comments for themes and trends to better understand how this custom impacts those practicing it and in turn shapes the discipline as a whole. amcneece@crimson.ua.edu (W-135)​​​​​​​ 

MCWHORTER, Jaclyn (UFL) A Philosophy of Life: Capoeira and Social Inclusion in the Periphery of São Paulo, Brazil. This dissertation research employs phenomenological methodology to dissect the underlying implications of the Brazilian martial art of capoeira, and how it is utilized as a form of social inclusion for participants. Because it is historically rooted in resilience and resistance, capoeira has become a philosophy of life for most of its practitioners today. This ethnography demonstrates alternatives to the development discourse and focuses on top-down westernized approaches that oppress the other cultures in which they are incorporated. My approach differs by observing ways that community-based approaches utilize culture for resilience and resistance in the modern struggle for citizenship and agency. jaclyndonelle@gmail.com (S-43)​​​​​​​ 

MEDEIROS, Melanie (SUNY Geneseo) Barbie and Ken, Good Citizens: The Use of Satirical Internet Memes in Brazilian Sociopolitical Movements. Anthropologists investigate social mediascapes (Yong Jin and Yoon 2016) as sites of political protest and resistance, exploring the role of social media in social movements (D’ Andrea; Juris 2012) and examining the strengths and weaknesses of digital protest (Bonilla and Rosa 2015). Since the 2018 presidential race in Brazil, satirical internet memes featuring Barbie and Ken dolls have been employed to criticize president Jair Bolsonaro and his supporters, as well as social inequality in Brazil. In this presentation, I examine the Barbie and Ken memes as one of the many forms of voicing and political participation existing within Brazil’s democracy. medeiros@geneseo.edu (W-122)

MEGEE, Sarah (Washington Coll) Ethnoecological Models of Climate Change on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. As climate change and its effects intensify, local stakeholders use folk models of ecosystem processes to explain their observations and experiences. Analysis of 36 ethnographic interviews conducted on the lower Eastern Shore of Maryland show how folk models of ecological change shape perceptions of potential adaptations. The way people use components of the models to reason about observed environmental changes limits potential adaptation decisions by leading them to prefer technological solutions. Professionals working with local populations must navigate such differences in ecological reasoning. (TH-95) 

MELLIN, Sarah (Davidson Coll) Beneath the Bricks: Reckoning with Legacies of Colonialism, Slavery, and White Supremacy at Davidson College. This project recovers a fuller version of Davidson College’s history that illuminates legacies of colonialism, slavery, and White supremacy at this Southern liberal arts college. In applying decolonization through action, we use critical race theory and queer methodologies to interrogate archival sources and contextualize interpersonal and institutional boundaries faced by people of color to provide tangible steps for reckoning with the past, including memorialization, divestment, and reparations. An expansion of past work (available at disorientingdavidson.com), the final products will be accessible to the wider public via AR (augmented reality) and other digital media. samellin@davidson.edu (TH-123)​​​​​​​ 

MELLO, Christy (UHWO) Native Hawaiian Culture- and Place-Based Tourism Sovereignty: Turning Challenges into Opportunities on Hawai’i’s Island of O‘ahu. Through a critical political ecology lens, research is examining the culture- and place-based sustainable tourism as well agrotourism efforts taking place on Hawai’i’s island of O’ahu. It seeks to support these efforts and identify how the multi-billion dollar tourist industry can be repurposed to increase local food production, address the climate crisis, and support the needs of our community partners. Through ‘āina (land) based programs, our partners seek to improve wellbeing, whether physical, economic, social, environmental, or cultural. Discussion will feature one such partner, Kamoauli, a place based educational and Indigenous owned social enterprise that provides a “travel experience” alternative.melloc@hawaii.edu (W-102)​​​​​​​ 

MELO, Milena (MS State U) Growing Up Native: Research & Advocacy in the Face of Exclusion. Undocumented immigrants throughout the United States have limited options when it comes to healthcare due to finances and legal status. This is increasingly true in the Rio Grande Valley where the healthcare landscape lacks a county hospital to serve indigent patients. Utilizing kidney failure as an extreme case study of what happens when you are undocumented and unable to access care, this paper explores how healthcare and immigration policies further complicate treatment options for undocumented residents in the borderlands. It also discusses my role as a researcher an advocate, informed by experience as a Valley native and undocumented Mexican immigrant. milena.melo@msstate.edu (T-95)​​​​​​​ 

MENA, Annel (UTEP) I Am Not Alone: Addressing Gender-Based Violence through Theater. This presentation will discuss the “Ya Basta!” Wise Latina International theater group from El Paso, TX that uses monologues to address gender-based violence. Through methods such as performance ethnography, testimonios, and participant observation, I analyze the impact of bilingual community theater in addressing violence on the border. The theater is an effective way of communicating with the public about highly stigmatized topics; it is also effective in creating community and inviting members of the audience to tell their stories and seek support with previous experiences of violence through a performance-workshop setting. amena3@miners.utep.edu (TH-98)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MENZIES, Charles (UBC) Mountain Goats and People: Cultural Resurgence as Indigenous Methodology. Mati -Mountain goats in Gitxaała’s indigenous language- are iconic beings that play an important role in Indigenous histories and culture. It has been generations since we have hunted Mati in the old way. Engaging in cultural resurgence acts of walking with Mati builds our understanding of what it was like and how it can become. This paper describes the methods and results that have come from walking along side of, and learning from, Mati as a proxy for humans in the context of cultural resurgence. charles.menzies@ubc.ca (W-31)​​​​​​​ 

MICHINOBU, Ryoko, HORI, Tsukasa, YAMAMOTO, Masaki, IGARASHI, Keita, IESATO, Kotoe, and TAKEBAYASHI, Akira (Sapporo Med U), TSUTSUMI, Hiroyuki (Saiseikai Nishi Otaru Hosp), KAWASAKI, Yukihiko (Sapporo Med U) Camaraderie in Liminality: Intersectional Approach to Promoting Shared Decision-Making in Children’s Oncology. Everyday decision-making in pediatric cancer is not bioethically neutral but rather embedded in a particular socio-cultural context. Results of a two-year in-depth observation of children’s lives in a Japanese pediatric unit showed that their lives were characterized by liminality, frailness, and diversity. Social interactions among them consequently lacked stability. Age and gender differences made social interactions even less stable. Nonetheless, the children formed social worlds and exchanged information about their experiences, enabling them to communicate with health professionals. Promoters of shared decision-making need to consider the psychosocial mechanisms of camaraderie developed in the intersectional reality of children’s lives. michinor@sapmed.ac.jp (F-42)​​​​​​​ 

MITCHELL, Thomas W. (TAMU Law Sch), SCHELHAS, John (USFS), HITCHNER, Sarah (UGA), and JOHNSON-GAITHER, Cassandra (USFS) Property Valuation beyond Numbers: The Uniform Partition of Heirs Property Act and African American Landownership in the South. African Americans have experienced precipitous land loss since 1920 in part because many judges have ordered forced sales of so-called heirs’ property on purely economic grounds. The Uniform Partition of Heirs Property Act (UPHPA), a model state statute that has been enacted into law in 14 states thus far, was drafted to reduce the prevalence of court-ordered sales of heirs’ property. Under the UPHPA, judges must consider the many ways in which heirs’ property owners value their land. We present findings from ethnographic interviews that reveal that African Americans value their land for social, cultural, religious, and other non-economic reasons. (F-13)​​​​​​​ 

MOBERG, Mark (U S Alabama) The Limits of Ethnographic Knowledge: Cultural Capital and Shifting Paradigms in Southern Belize. Over 70 years, successive anthropologists have worked in the Garifuna village of Hopkins, Belize. During this time, local livelihoods changed in ways that defied each prior ethnographer’s predictions. Today Hopkins is almost unrecognizable from its past portrayals, including my own. After a 30 year absence, I found that mass tourism had replaced the farming and fishing emphasized in earlier accounts. Yet a close reading of these texts reveals hints of the community’s transformation in the cultural capital of its residents. Rather than suggesting a failure of replicability, restudies reveal how shifting disciplinary paradigms accord significance to some findings while disregarding others. mmoberg@southalabama.edu (W-07)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MOHAMMED, Sarah (U Saskatchewan) Stories of Separation: A Socio-Narratological Literature Review of Immigrant Family Separation. In 2018, President Trump’s Zero-Tolerance immigration policy sparked the separation of immigrant families at the US border. There is a long history of immigrant families being separated by the government and a short history of social scientists studying the phenomenon. This paper reviews the literature on immigrant family separation using a socio-narratology approach. It asks how research meaningfully constructs stories about immigrant families, how characters are portrayed, and the implications of researchers’ approach for psychological health. The paper concludes with dialogical interpretive possibilities to better represent participants’ experiences of forced family separation in the face of renewed systemic government oppression. sarahsmohammed96@gmail.com (TH-34)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MONNIER, Nicole (U Missouri) ‘Change Is Opportunity’ –or– Framing Change in an Age of Mandates. “Accelerated” is the new pace for change in higher education. We face an increasing number of external financial and legislative mandates that are quickly translated into system- and campus-level ones. This pace challenges the familiar timelines of administrative, faculty, and shared governance processes alike. Using the example of new retention goals at MU, I will look at way sin which new imperatives can be harnessed for positive change, not only in desired outcomes, but in institutional culture and processes as well. monniern@missouri.edu (F-134)​​​​​​​ 

MONTAGUE, Angela (USU) Challenges and Successes of Community Based Participatory Research Addressing Refugee Health Disparities in Northern Utah. Refugees are recognized as having unique and complex health needs which demand attention upon arrival and throughout resettlement (Agrawal & Venkatesh, 2016). Additional dynamics compound health disparities facing refugees, including language barriers, unfamiliarity with a complex health care system, limited health literacy, and inadequate alignment of medical treatments with religious and cultural beliefs (Bowen, 2001; Brown, Carroll, Fogarty, & Holt, 2010). This paper will share preliminary findings from a Community-Based Participatory research project with refugees in Northern Utah aimed at developing a community-led health board, addressing the challenges and successes of qualitative research with refugees in a small city. angela.montague@usu.edu (S-32)​​​​​​​ 

MONTAÑOLA, Silvana and KLINE, Nolan (Rollins Coll), ECONOMOS, Jeanie (Farmworkers Assoc FL) Trump-Era Immigration Politics and Preventive Health: HPV Vaccination Ambivalence among Latinx Immigrants in Florida. In the US, Latinx immigrant health and immigration policies are interconnected, but little is known about how policy impacts preventive health behaviors like vaccination. In this paper, we situate vaccination in Trump-era immigration politics. Through community-based participatory research with immigrant rights organizations in Central Florida, we show how anti-immigrant rhetoric and immigration polices result in some Latinx immigrants’ ambivalence towards vaccination for Human Papillomavirus (HPV). We argue that policy serves as a hidden barrier to HPV vaccination and exacerbates existing structural vulnerabilities that constrain preventive health behaviors. Ethnographic insights highlight needed policy reform focused on immigration and health equity. smontanolaayala@rollins.edu (S-32)​​​​​​​ 

MONTEBAN, Madalena (CONICET) Mother-back-to-Mother: A Model for Informing Intercultural Maternal-Child Health Policies. In the Andes, maternal knowledge relating to infant feeding and health includes knowledge of specific plants and animals, and broader patterns of categorization that are structured by particular worldviews within which mothers are embedded. Current Peruvian maternal-child health policies incorporate an intercultural framework, in an effort to respect traditional medicinal practices. Robert Rhodes developed the “farmer-back-to-farmer” model for the development of agricultural technology based on what farmers already know. This paper proposes the translation of this model into a “mother-back-to mother” model to promote the recognition and valuation of what mothers know in the context of intercultural maternal-child health policies. (W-06)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MONTEMAYOR, Isabel (UTA) Disadvantages of Seguro Popular. According to the Mexican constitution, Health is a human right. In 2004, Seguro Popular (Popular Insurance) came into effect in Mexico. Since its creation, millions of Mexico’s most vulnerable have become affiliates. Yet, affiliation does not guarantee equity or access to services. Research is sparse concerning the experiences of healthcare for rural affiliates or how they attend to unmet health needs. The research aimed to better understand the realities of what individuals experience as affiliates. Data revealed challenges when navigating a system with unavailable or limited resources. Findings include how individuals strategize both locally and transnationally to address unmet needs. isabel.montemayor@uta.edu (F-67)​​​​​​​ 

MONTGOMERY, Andrew (Perot Museum of Nature & Sci) Anthropologist in the Middle: Using Staff Misconceptions to Create a Role. Trained as an archeologist, the Science Communication and Outreach Fellow for the Center for the Exploration of the Human Journey at the Perot Museum will discuss how anthropology was used to identify and address team needs, develop exhibition content, and negotiate dynamics between the Perot staff and diverse visiting scientists. Additionally, how the role of anthropologists can unwittingly serve to reduce or distort other staff members’ lack of understanding about the discipline of anthropology and the role that anthropologists play. andrew.montgomery@perotmuseum.org (F-05)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

MORA-CASTILLO, Brenda (ASU) Consuming Tourism: The Making of the US-Mexico Transborder Region and Remaking of Mexican Culture in Baja California, Mexico. Baja California’s proximity to the US has informed the state’s economic development plan since the 1920’s. The development of the transborder tourist economy proved so successful that approximately half of the state’s GDP is generated from tourism and the tourist sector employs nearly half of the local work force. However, the desire to accommodate tourists from Baja California’s northern neighbor has led efforts to create more “palatable” forms of Mexican culture. In this presentation, I examine how the transborder tourism economy shapes social and economic relations in Baja California, particularly as they relate to constructions of indigeneity and authenticity. (W-12)​​​​​​​ 

MORENO HURTADO, Argenis (OR State U) Mujeres con Voces: Motherhood, Identity, Policy, and the Everyday. This work unsettles the narrative of the “deserving immigrant” by centering the lived experiences of unauthorized/temporarily authorized migrant women who are frequently—even if unintentionally—dismissed as unworthy of legality. To progress immigration policies in the US, popular discourse markets the accomplishments of DREAMers and DACA beneficiaries. Through multimodal ethnographic methods, this project demonstrates the work mothers take on to produce these model children and challenges immigration reform supporters to reconsider the image of the “good immigrant” by showing that respect and legal rights should be conditioned upon humanity alone, and not upon rigid models of character or merit. argenishurtadomoreno@gmail.com (S-32)

MORERA, Maria (UFL), TOVAR-AGUILAR, J. Antonio (Farmworker Assoc FL), MONAGHAN, Paul F. (UFL), and ROKA, Fritz M. (FGCU) Resisting Heat-Related Illness in a Changing Florida Climate. While all heat-related illnesses (HRI) and deaths are preventable, farmworkers—the majority of whom are immigrants and foreign nationals—face socioeconomic constraints that compromise their access to safety information and implementation of protective strategies. Through focus group research, this study sought to gain an in-depth perspective of the safety climate that influences farmworkers’ response to heat hazards in Florida’s citrus groves. Results indicated farmworkers viewed HRI symptoms as part of agricultural work and lacked the security needed to adopt prevention measures. Differences in perceptions and attitudes, however, emerged between domestic and temporary workers. Findings suggest employer-employee relations mediate the production pressures that shape workplace compliance and safety. mmorera@ufl.edu (F-35)

MORRISON, Lynn, LEMIEUX, Evangeline, and TURNER, Joshua (UH-Hilo) Kilauea Eruption Stress and Recovery: Cultural Citizenship in Times of Natural Disasters. The 3.5 month Kilauea volcanic eruption involved 88,000 earthquakes and 24 fissures emitting lava. Hundreds of people evacuated with 700 homes lost. Farm animals and domestic pets were left behind. Using face-to-face interviews with residents, scientists, and community activists, we document people’s experiences of living in eruptive zones, the stress of daily life, evacuation, sources of information, and their interactions with government organizations. Respondents felt marginalized by government agencies and feared looting of their homes. Social media was a critical source of information dissemination. Blood pressure taken during the interviews indicate on-going stress in recalling this event a year later. lmorriso@hawaii.edu (F-71)​​​​​​​ 

MORRISON, Penelope (PSU New Kensington) Processes Related to Behavioral Change in Batterer Intervention Programs: Observations from an Ethnographic Study. Batterer intervention programs (BIPs) are the primary intervention mechanism for IPV perpetrators, yet little data exists on how BIPs “work;” or rather, how BIPs promote prosocial behavioral change among clients. As part of our ethnographic study, observational data from two community-based BIPs was collected in order to systematically document the BIP group process as it was occurring. We found “facilitator processes” which helped manage group dynamics, and enabled client learning and “client processes” which mirrored those of the facilitators and helped clients meet their needs. Our findings are important for demonstrating firsthand how BIPs work in “real time.” pkm20@psu.edu (W-69)

MOSHER, Sara (SMU) Operating in Constant Chaos: Immigration Advocacy in Troubled Times. In the last two years, the Trump administration has pursued an aggressively anti-immigrant policy agenda. Immigrant advocacy and service organizations are swimming against a tide of hundreds of large and small policy changes that make their work chaotic and unpredictable. Drawing on interviews and participant observation with immigrant service and advocacy organizations in Texas, this paper sheds light on key philosophical issues and practical challenges at stake for these organizations as they seek to navigate policy chaos and advocate on behalf of immigrants, while continuing to provide core services to vulnerable people. smosher@smu.edu (W-03)​​​​​​​ 

​​​​​​​MULLA, Sameena and HLAVKA, Heather (Marquette U) The Heteronormativity of Sexual Assault Prosecution. This presentation shows how heteronormative frameworks dominate ontological understandings of both the victimizing and the victimized body at trial. Nurses testify to the resilience of the female body in order to counter the myth of the presumption of visible injury. Defense attorneys tap into narratives that men are unrapable. During the trial, experts further objectify the body using heteronormative reproductive tropes in which the victimized body is constructed as always already penetrable and capable of giving birth. These capacities render victims resistant to injury. sameena.mulla@marquette.edu (F-39)

MUNKRES MCDONALD, Anthony and FARNSWORTH, Katelyn (NAU) Rediscovery of Identity in a Latino Society: Community Engagement with Rapanui Youth. The island of Rapa Nui, a political territory of Chile, presents an ongoing challenge for the community’s members to identify with both Latino and Polynesian societies. The youth, who are often socialized into the Latino community, struggle to engage with their Polynesian heritage. The Terevaka Archaeological Outreach (TAO) non-profit educational program creates a setting for island students to explore their identity through conservation and research projects. TAO’s experiential education empowers the island’s youth to mix modern and traditional knowledge in their pursuit of professional careers and helps them to assume responsibility for their own cultural identity as Rapanui and Chileans. arr455@nau.edu (TH-123)

MUNOZ, Jair (UTEP) Exclusion, Race, and Stigma: How Brown At-Risk Youth Are Produced in a Disciplinary Classroom on the U.S.-Mexico Borderland. How do borderlands Latinx students understand and navigate a Disciplinary Alternative Education Program (DAEP) classroom in a majority-minority high school on the U.S.-Mexico border? Throughout the nation, disciplinary education is intended to exclude and isolate students from the general population and Black and Brown students are consistently punished more severely than their White peers (Pane et al, 2013; Reyes, 2001). In this ethnography, I explore how the discipline gap (Booker & Mitchell, 2011; Cobb 2008) is produced in a Texas disciplinary classroom, and how these disciplinary practices negatively impact the crucial identity work in which high school students are engaged. jamunoz2@utep.edu (W-44)

MURPHY THOMAS, Jane (Independent) An Anthropologist’s Immigrant Family. This paper is a snapshot of one social anthropologist’s immigrant family, now grown to 254 members and the seventh generation since immigration, and a participatory study where all 254 contributed written information and photos of themselves to document who the family is today. One current defining aspect addressed is the reconciliation movement in Canada between First Nations people and settlers’ descendants, such as my family who fled from Ireland 170 years ago due to oppression, poverty, famine and eviction from our own land by authorities, to be given land in Canada taken from others (indigenous people). janemurphythomas@gmail.com (W-03)

MURPHY, Arthur (UNCG), LUQUE, Diana A. (CIAD-Hermosillo), and JONES, Eric C. (SPH UTH) Evolution of Trust, Exchange and Support in Post-Disaster Information Networks. At eight and 26-months after the Buena Vista Mine spill along the Rio Sonora, we interviewed 114 residents in the seven affected communities affected communities. Each listed up to seven people with whom they had communicated about the copper sulfate spill. We explore what networks developed, whom people trusted, and with whom they shared information about the spill and recovery. Most dramatic was the shift away from neighbors and acquaintances towards extended family. In wave two, there was a tendency to name one more person, those named were older, they gave more material support, and were considered better sources of information. admurphy@uncg.edu (F-31)

MUZYCZKA, Kelly (UFL) Race and Total Knee Replacements. Through mixed methods, this research seeks to uncover the most significant variables and variable interactions contributing to racial disparities within the total knee replacement procedure. Using agent-based modeling, an individuals’ environment, decision constraints, and potential influences are all simulated. Model parameters and analysis are guided by Marvin Harris’ cultural materialism. Final models demonstrate how core characteristics may determine health outcomes and situates these within the three tiers of cultural materialism. Additionally, models provide the means to test potential interventions for efficacy. This presentation focuses on applying anthropological theory to quantitative methods and the use of agent-based modeling within cultural anthropology. kmcalder4@ufl.edu (F-162)