Paper Abstracts

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BABCHUK, Wayne (UN-Lincoln), HITCHCOCK, Robert K. (UNM), BARTHOLOMEW, Theodore T. (Scripps Coll), and GUETTERMAN, Timothy C. (Creighton U) Grounded Theory Ethnography: Innovative Strategies for Conducting Community Oriented Anthropological Research. Grounded theory has become one of the most utilized qualitative research methodologies across disciplines and subject areas. Building off our work merging key aspects of grounded theory with traditional ethnographic approaches, we argue that a new hybrid design—grounded theory ethnography—holds vast potential for the conduct of applied and community oriented anthropological research. Drawing on one of the co-authors use of this approach to study mental health practitioners working among the Aawando of Northern Namibia, we provide an overview of grounded theory ethnography bolstered by practical suggestions for its use in applied and community contexts. wbabchuk1@unl.edu (S-04) 

BACH, Amy (UTEP) Education in Citizenship through High-Stakes Literacy Assessments. The nature of citizenship along the U.S.-Mexico borderland is complex. Many people move regularly between, speak the languages and share the cultural practices of, and/or have roots established on both sides of the border. Student populations in U.S. borderland schools reflect this bilingual/bicultural tapestry yet high-stakes assessments shape public schooling towards “dominant-culture standards of language, knowledge and behavior” (Solórzano 2008: 285). Using data from a two-year ethnographic study in a public high school in El Paso, TX, this paper analyzes Texas’ high-stakes literacy assessments, finding them antithetical to the development of critical and active citizenship in a diverse society. ajbach@utep.edu (F-61) 

BAER, Roberta D., HOLBROOK, Emily, and BLAIR, Janet (USF) American Stories 2: Oral History, Service Learning, and ESL Materials for Refugees (and Others). Most ESL materials are inappropriate for adult refugees who have come to the US. We discuss a USF service learning class on Oral History which resulted in a book of 21 oral histories of refugees in the Tampa area. Students collected the stories and rewrote them at 3-4th grade reading level. The materials are currently being used in the CARIBE English as a Second Language Classes for new refugees. The book, published by the Hillsborough County School Board which administers the program, will also be placed in school and public libraries throughout the county. baer@usf.edu (W-94) 

BAILEY, Melanie (SJSU) Facing an Automated Future: How Small U.S. Bookkeepers Are Adapting to Changing Accounting Technology. Automation through the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning to accounting technology is profoundly transforming the ways small bookkeepers accomplish their work. Many small bookkeepers express fear around their increasing economic precarity, especially regarding future sustainability of their jobs and businesses. Bookkeepers believe these changes will actually lead to the loss of their jobs, rather than the transformed roles promised by technology companies and thought leaders. In this paper, I examine how small, U.S. bookkeepers are coping with and adapting to changing accounting technology, and how those reactions are constructed and informed by larger social and economic processes. melanie.maxwell@sjsu.edu (TH-127)

BAINES, Kristina and TAYLOR, Lakiera (CUNY Guttman), SALAZAR, Iris (CSULB) From Theory to Practice: Embodied Ecological Heritage and Undergraduate Research in Garifuna Communities in New York City and Los Angeles. Applied projects are attractive and beneficial to undergraduate students aiming to hone their research skills and engage in their local communities. This paper examines the strengths and the challenges of operationalizing the embodied ecological heritage (EEH) framework among the Belizean Garifuna diaspora in Brooklyn, NYC and Los Angeles County. Undergraduate students from both metropolitan areas unpack their experiences conducting research with the communities to understand how traditional ecological practices are incorporated into daily lives- and what applied projects these communities identify to support heritage and health. yesbaines@gmail.com (F-45)

BAIRD, Sean, NATIVIDAD, Diana M., and DO, Ai-Nghia L. (VA) Rapid Ethnographic Assessment: Applying the 5-Minute Interview Technique in Research with Military Veterans in Community Contexts. In recent decades, the nature and theater of war has changed dramatically from U.S. wars fought in the 20th century. Parallel, and not necessarily in tandem, changes have taken place in the discourse and approaches to Veteran healthcare and in supporting veterans as they transition from military service. Our study adapted creative ethnographic methods to gather veteran reintegration narratives. Brief interviews revealed variations based on the number and nature of deployments, family status, and presence of injuries. Collecting narratives that include both positive and negative markers of reintegration can inform future interventions and research to address reintegration challenges. bairdsa@iupui.edu (S-04)

BAKER, Alex, BECKETT, Amanda, HEDGES, Kristin, and JACKSON, Wesley (GVSU) ‘Addy’-ing It All Up: University Students’ Perspectives on Substance Use. The purpose of this study was to understand undergraduate university students’ perspectives on substance use and abuse. The study was conducted in collaboration with the Anthropology department and Alcohol & Other Drugs (AOD) services at a Midwestern university. Using data collected throughout 2019, methods included participant observation, open-ended and semi-structured interviews, and online self-report assessment surveys. Ethnographic findings demonstrated important recurring themes around motivation for use, self-medication, and self-regulation of use patterns. Quantitative findings demonstrated gender and age differences between positive screens. Results were used to identify perceived barriers and strive towards improving service uptake within the AOD program. (W-125) 

BAKER, Emily (Independent) Storytelling and Self in Public Broadcast: A Visual Ethnography of Rocky Mountain PBS. Embodied storytelling in Denver’s public broadcast establishes how storytellers’ identities influence narrative practices in Denver’s public sphere. Rocky Mountain PBS, a 60-year-old institution, served as my research site in 2018. My paper examines production practices of storytellers making the program Colorado Memories in relation to RMPBS history. Using phenomenological methodology, my research design included filmed participant observations and semi-structured interviews based on a survey. I organized findings into six topics: acquiring identity, learning storytelling, professional goals, (dis)comfort within storytelling, favorite stories, and future storytelling goals. The visual ethnography I made from my findings illustrates embodied storytelling through visual anthropology. bakerer918@gmail.com (W-15)

BAKER, Sydney (St. Lawrence U) Conserving and Competing: Intersections of Marine Conservation in Eastern Africa. Marine conversation is often overlooked in eastern Africa, in favor of terrestrial charismatic megafauna. However, the biodiversity of marine ecosystems is crucial to traditional coastal communities’ cultures, economies, and ways of life. While some modern resource management techniques have adapted methods to restore the world’s oceans, these frequently overlook the effect on coastal communities. By examining intersections and colonial foundations of big and little conservation in eastern Africa, this paper aims to show how marine conservation has been shaped in locations of high ecological/conservation, societal, economic, and political concern and what can be done in the future. smbake16@stlawu.edu (W-97) 

BALASUNDARAM, Sasikumar and COPPERSMITH, Eryn (SIUE) Bridging the Divide: Teaching Diversity and Cultural Citizenship through Field School. Cross-cultural exchange is one of the most effective ways to teach diversity and cultural citizenship. This paper examines the impact an ethnographic field school had on students’ perceptions of race, class, and place. It illustrates how the field school experience brought two different communities together through stories, service, and play. Also, this paper highlights the value of cross-cultural exchanges in promoting interracial/ethnic understanding in the United States and beyond. sbalasu@siue.edu (TH-104)​​​​​​​ 

BARBER, Mariah (US Hlth & Human Serv) How Housing Impacts Women’s Social Determinants of Health across the Americas. This paper will discuss the intrinsic role housing plays as a social determinant of health in women’s lives across the Americas. This research involves cross-examining primary findings from an anthropological multi-year study with women’s psychosocial in the Peruvian highlands and secondary data collected on current global trends. Linkages will be explored between built environments and the marginalization of communities in The United States comparatively to Latin America. This will include the exploration of how disparities driven by housing status impact women’s healthcare seeking behaviors, adherence to care, income, safety and access to resources. mbarber@albany.edu (W-08)​​​​​​​

BARBIER, Clarisse (USF) Social Exclusion of Women Accused of Witchcraft in Burkina Faso. Among the most marginalized populations in the world, one group of women has been persistently ignored, silenced, and forgotten. In Burkina Faso, West Africa, older Mossi women are often the target of witchcraft accusations; the consequences of these accusations are alarming because these women are violently excluded from their villages and become the most vulnerable and marginalized segment of the Burkinabe population. I have conducted an ethnographic study of 200 Burkinabe women accused of witchcraft living shelters in Ouagadougou. I examined women’s experience of the trauma of witchcraft accusations and their resilience that have facilitated their adaptation to their new lives. cbarbier@mail.usf.edu (W-05)​​​​​​​ 

BARGIELSKI, Richard (USF) Participatory Community Art as Engaged Chemo-Ethnography. Chemo-ethnography is a recently developed theoretical and methodological approach that emphasizes the cultural formations that arise when humans interact with chemicals. Drawing on one year of fieldwork in Ashtabula County, Ohio, this paper details the experience of using participatory community art (PCA) as an activist visual method for fostering community engagement with a toxic Superfund Site. Using photographic images generated in collaboration with a local community photographer, this project both examines existing chemo-social relations as well as presenting opportunities for the formation of new ones. PCA is a promising method for eliciting how people think about multispecies relations. bargielski@mail.usf.edu (TH-96)

BARRIOS, Roberto (SIUC) When the Post-Colony’s Stars Misalign: Examining the Moral, Political, and Ontological Geography the “Global South” in Disaster Studies. The term “Global South” is often used to denote those parts of the planet that were once referred to as “colonies,” “third world,” and “developing” nations. Although “Global South” was fashioned in an effort to overcome the developmentalist assumptions of preceding terminology, it upholds a number of the Eurocentric assumptions concerning space-time it was meant to overcome. As an alternative to “Global South,” this paper uses case studies from the US Gulf Coast and Mexico to reflect on the potential of “post-coloniality” for discussing concerns of power, political economy, and alterity in disaster studies. rbarrios@siu.edu (F-11)​​​​​​​ 

BASCOPE, Grace Lloyd (MRP/BRIT), GUDERJAN, Thomas M. (MRP), and MCCLATCHEY, Will (Independent) When Collaboration Becomes a Win, Win, Win: The Botanical Research Institute of Texas and Maya Research Program Work Together to Help an Archaeology Project Better Interpret and Protect a Small Portion of Rain Forest. Maya Research Program conducts archaeological investigations in Northwestern Belize. Receiving a grant from the Botanical Research Institute of Texas made it possible for plant collections in a rainforest island, site of the Maya ruins of Grey Fox. Maya associates, ethnobotanists, archaeologists, environmental anthropologists, and others, collected samples of most plant species in this jungle remnant, giving MRP insight into ways of protecting the forest while querying the plant assemblage for insights about Ancient Maya plant use and adaptations, subsistence pattern evolution, climate change patterns, and more. gbascope@airmail.net (W-66)​​​​​​​ 

BASILIO, Raul, LEWIS, Denise C., and SEPONSKI, Desiree (UGA) Gardens of Memory and Sanctuary-Making among Cambodian and Laotian Communities in the U.S. South. This presentation draws from ten, one-hour in-depth interviews conducted in spring 2019 and from long periods of participant-observation in peoples’ homes, gardens, temples, and fishing vessels conducted throughout a larger, three-year-long ethnographic study in an area of the US Gulf of Mexico occupied by Cambodian and Laotian refugee families. We discuss how memory is transferred and how individual and collective cultural retention by people who have experienced global displacement informs their actions and meaning-making. We explore the importance of gardens, water, and religious activities and how they are carried out through time and space to facilitate the process of sanctuary-making. rb40935@uga.edu (W-06)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

BAUER, Daniel (USI) In Defense of Territory and Cultural Patrimony: Tourism, Identity, and Citizenship Rights in Coastal Ecuador. Questions regarding identity and citizenship rights are central to the history of Ecuadorian Indigenous politics. Changes to the Ecuadorian constitution in 1998, and again in 2008, reflect growing recognition of Indigenous rights, while supporting the emergence of newly articulated identities. Based on fieldwork in coastal Ecuador, this paper analyzes the intersection of tourism, cultural patrimony, and identity. It emphasizes the unstable and tenuous nature of identity and examines the far-reaching effects of constitutional change. Moreover, this paper provides an inquiry into the role of tourism in fostering claims to identity and the defense of cultural and territorial interests. (F-122)

BECERRA, Jose (Purdue U) The Significance of Understanding Local Economic and Climatic Risk Perceptions in Small-Scale Coffee-Growing Communities. Latin American coffee growing-communities face economic and climatic pressures impacting land use, farmer health, and biodiversity. Economic pressures such as unstable markets have devastating impacts on small-scale coffee-producing livelihoods while development efforts designed to prevent such instances create further marginalization. Climatic pressures like unpredictable weather patterns, climatic extremes, and rising temperatures create threats to coffee production. By investigating the historical colonial context of Costa Rica and Nicaragua I analyze how recommendations made by coffee sector extension groups lack understanding of local perceptions which are critical for agricultural decision making that impact not only local socioecological sustainability but also global identity. becerra4@purdue.edu (TH-32)

BEISWENGER, Lisa (U Akron, OH State U) and COHEN, Jeffrey H. (OH State U) “Bringing People Together around Food”: The Social Life of Findlay Market. In this paper, I explore the social and economic life of Findlay Market. The public market represents a space where a welcoming and civil atmosphere is the background for social interactions; however, as the socioeconomic status of visitors has changed, the role of the market is shifting from being social infrastructure for low-income African Americans to being a locus of productive leisure for more affluent suburbanites. The market is a cosmopolitan canopy that is part of the social infrastructure of Cincinnati where visitors and vendors build community and where social actors use it differently depending on their status and priorities. lbeiswenger@uakron.edu (W-01)​​​​​​​ 

BENNETT, Elaine (Saint Vincent Coll) Teaching Applied Anthropology through On-Campus Experiential and Service Learning: Lessons and Outcomes from Anthropological Research On, By, and With College Populations. Experiential education is recognized as a high impact practice in higher education and this pedagogy can enhance student learning in anthropology programs. This paper will discuss an approach to undertaking research with undergraduate anthropology students through research partnerships with on-campus entities. This approach is designed to provide applied anthropology students with opportunities for professional development and practice while also providing service to the institution, thereby demonstrating the value and viability of anthropology in the curriculum. Themes covered in this paper include the formation of partnerships, strategies for maintaining on-going projects across a program curriculum, and student learning outcomes. elaine.m.bennett@gmail.com (F-45)​​​​​​​ 

BESKE, Melissa (Palmer Trinity Sch) Laying the Groundwork for General Education: Insights from a Private Secondary School. The pathway to general education begins before undergraduate students set foot on campus. The foundation for a solid work ethic, intrinsic motivation for scholarship, and an appreciation for diversity is ideally laid in primary and secondary school. In this paper, I draw from my perspective as a private high school teacher to convey the optimal roots of the collegiate general education experience by means of engaging mindfulness, experiential learning, and collaborative inclusion techniques to create empathetic, industrious students who emerge ready to excel in the collegiate environment as they continue on their track to becoming culturally-sensitive global citizens and problem-solvers. mbeske@palmertrinity.org (TH-44)​​​​​​​ 

BESSERER, Federico (U Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City) Transnational Citizenship: Challenges in an Era of Renewed Nationalisms. A century of long-haul migration providing a labor force from the global south to the global north has consolidated a vibrant transnational sociology. A backlash of nationalisms is being imposed atop this transborder society with devastating consequences. Based on research results from a program of practical anthropology, this lecture explores examples of transnational life of indigenous peoples from Mexico in the United States, rural workers from Morocco in Spain, and urban transmigrants from Cochabamba in Madrid. Transnational citizenship emerges as a crucial facet of community governance, migrant empowerment and transborder resistance in the context of economic crisis and reemerging nationalisms. (TH-125)​​​​​​​ 

BIESELE, Megan (Kalahari Peoples Fund) “Guerilla Orthography” to Internet Cafe in Thirty Years: Ju|’hoan Community-Initiated Language, Education, and Social Media Projects. At request of the Nyae Nyae Ju|’hoan people’s organization at the time of Namibian Independence (1990), a linguist and anthropologist collaborated on the first user-friendly, professional orthography of their language. Thirty years later, Ju|’hoansi manage an internet cafe-by-subscription in an office built for their leaders by the Namibian Government. Intervening years saw the mother-tongue Village Schools Project, the Ju|’hoan Transcription Group, and the Ju|’hoan Mother-Tongue Literacy Project, all with consultant educators, linguists, and anthropologists. The Kalahari Peoples Fund, active in these projects and contemporaneous political/land rights issues, presents a vital model of language and educational activism on behalf of Ju|’hoan cultural citizenship. (F-02)​​​​​​​ 

BLOCK, Pamela (Western U) Aging Out of Children’s Hospitals: 20th and 21st Century Experiences. This presentation considers the experiences of children in the United States supported by Children’s Hospitals and Health Systems in the 20th and 21st centuries. Beginning with Gini Laurie and her activism for polio survivors and the independent living movement, the presentation will explore the experiences of polio survivors entering adulthood as well as the experiences of contemporary youth with complex medical conditions. Children with complex conditions are surviving longer than ever before, but unlike the polio survivors, modern children may move directly from children’s hospitals to geriatric nursing homes. pblock@uwo.ca (F-42)​​​​​​​ 

BOGUMIL, Elizabeth (UCR) and CAPOUS-DESYLLAS, Moshula (CSUN) The Roles of Restorative Environments in Marginalized Communities. Restorative environments (also known as therapeutic landscapes) are “where physical and built environments, social conditions and human perceptions combine to produce and atmosphere which is conducive to healing” (Gesler 1996:96). These types of environments can range from the natural to the man made. Much research has been done to explore and understand how such environments benefit mental health (Erwet and Chang 2018, Kuo 2001, Ward, Roe, Aspinall et al. 2012). The previous research and findings do not touch on the role of restorative environments in marginalized communities; however, Maller and colleagues (2019) proposes this is an important area to explore. ebogu001@ucr.edu (F-62)​​​​​​​ 

BOLTON, Ralph (Chijnaya Fdn) and AGUIRRE, Jhuver (Asociacion Pro-DIA) Divorcing an NGO: An Altiplano Community’s Decision to End a Long-Term Relationship with a Peruvian Nonprofit and an American Foundation. Working in communities on the Peruvian Altiplano, as a research anthropologist or as an applied anthropologist, is fraught with difficulties, not least of which is the pervasive suspicion of outsiders. Foreigners are especially viewed as dangerous, but even Peruvians may be considered untrustworthy. For more than a decade, The Chijnaya Foundation and the Pro-DIA Association worked in the community of Tuni Grande (Pucara, Puno) on many successful projects involving agricultural infrastructure, educational opportunities, and health promotion. In 2018, the community voted to end this collaboration. In this paper we examine the cultural factors and local reasoning underpinning this decision. professorbolton@aol.com (W-07)​​​​​​​ 

BOND, David (Bennington Coll) Understanding PFOA: Ethnography and Advocacy in the Ruins of Plastics. In 2014, PFOA was discovered in the public drinking water in Hoosick Falls, NY and then in residential wells in Bennington, VT. Drawing on 4 years of work, this paper asks how the practice and theory of anthropology can confront PFOA. My work took two forms. 1) Bennington College designed a free course on PFOA for citizens to get up to speed on the problem. 2) We conducted research in conversation with unmet community concerns and evasive corporate tactics. This paper also reflects on the status of contamination in theory today and its drift away from the experience of toxic exposure. dbond@bennington.edu (TH-156)​​​​​​​ 

BOUTELLE, Howard (UTSA) Addiction, Morality, and Care: The Choreography of Recovery Care Work in the Opioid Crisis. In light of the “Opioid Crisis,” addiction recovery services are increasingly available in the United States, targeting the physical dependency of substance use, the network that surrounds it, and individual patient morality. Characterized as care practices, the use of medically assisted treatment (MAT) and group-therapy tinker with the patient’s morality and the networks they are embedded in. By focusing on the social relations that are embedded in addiction, addiction recovery services attempt to redefine the individual as a productive neoliberal subject with a disease, rather than an immoral and resistant character in the choreography of substance abuse. howardboutelle@aol.com (F-08)​​​​​​​

BOWANNIE, Mary (PIRE) Developing Online Tools and Resources for Native American Elders: Opportunities and Challenges. A dearth of accessible, culturally-relevant, up-to-date information presents one major barrier to access and utilization of health care and health insurance for Native American elders. The Seasons of Care Native American Elder Health Guide is an online platform designed to respond to this barrier with resources and tools for elders and caregivers. I describe the process of developing and revising the information and navigation process of the Seasons of Care guide in collaboration with a Community Action Board of elders and allies. I discuss the opportunities and challenges of using online platforms to meet the needs of Native American elders. (T-64)

BRACEY, Dorothy (Sch for Advanced Rsch) The Ideal College Is Mark Hopkins at One End of a Log and a Student at the Other. The modern university’s constituencies give birth to a number of tensions, e.g. the role of police on campus; permitted. But the modern university has many constituencies and its duties to each are complex. Some are internal - students; academic departments; faculty, full-time and adjunct; graduate schools; libraries, museums, university presses - and, of course, athletics. External –state and federal governments; foundations; donors; parents; the community; legal demands such as the ADA; alumni; ….and, of course, athletics. Parameters of student activism; and the need for diversity. This paper examines several of these tensions. dorothy@dorothybracey.com (F-44)​​​​​​​ 

BRADLEY, Sarah (USF) and VITOUS, C. Ann (U Michigan) Now You See Me, Now You Don’t: Challenges and Opportunities in the Use of Visual Participatory Methods. Visual participatory approaches have become increasingly popular in anthropology as a means of presenting complex social issues to multiple stakeholder audiences. Like other forms of participatory methods, they have been shown to increase collective competence of communities and seek to ensure that narrative control remains in the hands of participants. However, there are difficulties and limitations associated with visual participatory approaches that must be considered in research design, implementation, and dissemination. Using the example of a photovoice study of food insecurity in Tampa, we will discuss potential pitfalls of using visual participatory methods and suggest best practices for future projects. sarahbradley@mail.usf.edu (W-15)​​​​​​​ 

BRAUSE, Holly (UNM) Beyond Two Straws, One Glass: The Politics of Sharing Groundwater across the US/Mexico Border. Surface water resources that are shared across the US/Mexico Border have long been governed through formal, legally binding agreements. There are, however, no corresponding rules for shared groundwater resources. There is very limited information about the common aquifers that both countries depend on to meet the water needs of communities in the arid borderlands region. This paper outlines the complex entanglements of politics, power, knowledge, and meanings confronted by the Transboundary Aquifer Assessment Program (TAAP) as its members collaborate across state and national borders to evaluate shared priority transboundary aquifers. (S-36)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

BRAZELTON, Elizabeth “Lisa” (U Alabama) Hemp for Hope: Seeking a Solution to Uranium Contamination of the Cheyenne River Valley and the Potential for Improving Women’s Health Disparities among the Oglala Lakota. On the Pine Reservation in South Dakota, one of the poorest areas of the U.S., Oglala Lakota women have long suffered from health disparities greater than non-Native populations. These include higher rates of cervical cancer, miscarriages, and infant mortality. Research connects poor tribal health to U.S. uranium mining near the reservation. With the passage of the 2018 Farm Bill, tribal members are looking to plant hemp for overcoming poverty. My research seeks to evaluate hemp bioculturally and how it may alleviate tribal health disparities. Global case studies of hemp used as a bioremediation crop are discussed which supports this theory. eabrazelton@crimson.ua.edu (W-128)​​​​​​​ 

BRAZELTON, Elizabeth “Lisa” (U Alabama) Is Hemp the New Buffalo? In 2016, a ten-year federal injunction was lifted that had prohibited Oglala Lakota Alex White Plume from farming industrial hemp, restoring tribal sovereignty. With the injunction lifted, Alex proclaimed, “Hemp is our new buffalo.” The whole buffalo historically sustained the Lakota and Tribal use of hemp may provide similar holistic benefits. The Oglala Lakota are among the poorest populations in the U.S., with the shortest life expectancy in the western hemisphere outside of Haiti. My research shows how hemp can benefit the tribe economically, socially, ecologically, and medicinally toward improved health and wellness, challenging years of oppression and social injustice. eabrazelton@crimson.ua.edu (W-98)​​​​​​​ 

BREDA, Karen Lucas (U Hartford) Healthcare in Complex Societies: A Literature Review of the U.S. Healthcare System and Its Workers. One healthcare challenge is to provide competent and efficient personnel to meet healthcare needs. Credentialing, licensing and accreditation requirements help guide practice and assure safety parameters for healthcare professionals. Comparisons of healthcare systems and workers offer an opportunity to understand how models of care inform practice. This literature review focuses on models of care and practice for U.S. healthcare workers and the rules and design of organizations in which U.S. care is offered. This is part of a larger project that will compare the U.S. with other countries using theory from applied anthropology and the sociology of professions. breda@hartford.edu (W-98)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

BRIDGEMAN, Lauren (U Arizona) Snake Butte: Exploring the Vulnerabilities and Components of Traditional Cultural Properties. Síísííyaa´ kyɔ´ ɔtiyɔɔh (Snake Butte) or oğύğa widάᾐa (Rock Island Where You Wake Up), on the Fort Belknap Reservation in Montana, is integral to the cultural landscapes of the Gros Ventre and Assiniboine tribes. While Snake Butte was mined for construction of the Fort Peck Dam, tribal communities have continued use of this space, supporting their enduring relationships with ancestors and indigenous ways of knowing. This paper explores how the tangible and intangible attributes of the butte contribute qualifying attributes of a Traditional Cultural Property Nomination, despite resource extraction, and archaeological standards that have devalued the site as ‘disturbed.’ lebridgeman@email.arizona.edu (TH-103)​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ 

BRIGGS, Charles L. (UC-Berkeley) Cultural Citizenship, Climate Change, and the Problem of Nonhuman Agency: Indigenous Reformulations. Notions of cultural citizenship and diversity require critical reformulation when the complexities of climate change and human-nonhuman interactions shift precariously. As Venezuela defined citizenship as access to income from fossil-fuel extraction, indigenous rainforest residents went beyond demanding inclusion in petro-socialism to propose a phyto-socialism recognizing the agency of vegetal life in redefining notions of “the state,” “citizenship,” and “territory.” As climate change throws complex interspecies relations off balance, medical anthropologists explore how illness and diverse responses to them trace these complex relations within bodies in ways that are not readily contained by boundaries between species and races, biologies and ideologies. clbriggs@berkeley.edu (W-11)​​​​​​​ 

BROOKS, Benjamin (ECU) Andean Highland Women’s Perceptions of Stress: Using Faculty Student Collaborative Research to Develop a Women’s Social Stress Scale. Research on stress in the Andes often does not differentiate what might be stressful for Highland men and women. Andean women’s cultural models of social stress were studied to better understand gender differences in highland culture. Students from East Carolina University learned the research methods of Cultural Domain Analysis and developed and tested a Women’s Social Stress Gauge as part of a study abroad program in Peru. Students engaged with local Andean women to gather cultural data on stress. The data the students gathered was compared with the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale to assess the levels of stress individual Andean women experience. brooksb@ecu.edu (W-08)​​​​​​​ 

BROOKS, Emily (USGS) “We’re in the forever business”: Caring for Cultural Heritage under Climate Change. Based on case studies of three National Parks in the eastern United States, I explore how National Park Service cultural resource managers and their community partners grapple with the realization that they cannot save everything from climate change. Instead, they must develop new policies and practices for saying goodbye; confronting difficult questions of whose knowledge and heritage has been considered valuable or significant, and how to manage ecological grief and loss. Along the way, I share lessons learned from park staff questioning what conservation and preservation mean in a time of climate emergency, and seeking alternate ways of understanding change. ebrooks@usgs.gov (W-42)

BROWN, Brenda (Independent) Blended Families: How a Muslim Afghan Refugee Family and a Christian American Couple Became One. Using autoethnography the author explores the relationship she and her husband developed with a young Afghan refugee family. The context of the families’ lives could not be much different but they adopted each other in a mutual and loving relationship. The author has been involved with Afghan refugees for several years, mainly focused on the women. Continuing her interest in Afghan refugees, the author shares the experience of bonding with an Afghan family and blending of cultures and families. As a result of the presentation, nurses may be better able to understand Afghan family dynamics and provide culturally appropriate care. rnksu2015@gmail.com (TH-04)​​​​​​​ 

BRUNSON, Emily (TX State U) and SCHOCH-SPANA, Monica (JHU) Making Decisions for a Family Unit, Not Individuals: Parental Hesitancy and Decision-Making in Regards to the H1N1 and Seasonal Flu Vaccines. Many factors influence parents’ decisions about whether or not to vaccinate their children. In this paper we consider the specific cases of the seasonal flu and H1N1 vaccines. Using data collected from parents during the H1N1 pandemic, we assess how parents’ hesitancy and ultimate decisions for these two vaccines were similar to and different from their hesitancy and decisions in regard to other childhood vaccinations. Based on our findings we recommend that future communication efforts about vaccines that can be given to parents and/or children could benefit from a focus on dynamics within families instead of just uptake for individuals. ebrunson@txstate.edu (TH-38)​​​​​​​ 

BUFORD, Sarah (Hendrix Coll) Detention Centers at the US-Mexico Border: A Study of Physical Space and Power. This study addresses the current physical structures and conditions of the detention centers at the US-Mexico border and how people are affected physically and emotionally by the construction and usage of these spaces. Torres’s theory of the ‘militarization of consciousness’ and Agamben’s theories of sovereignty and ‘spaces of exception’ are used as foundational texts to define what the public understands to be detention centers as compared to prisons, internment camps, and refugee camps. This study concludes with possible solutions towards creating more humane, healthy, and efficient spaces for higher processing periods of migrants. sarahbuford2016@gmail.com (S-02)​​​​​​​ 

BUNKLEY, Emma (U Arizona) Interembodiment as Care. This paper draws on 15 months of fieldwork in Senegal with women who are diabetic, hypertensive, or have chronic kidney disease/failure to examine how care is expressed through what I term “interembodiment.” This form of care, communal across bodies and biology, is about sharing the illness experience. Several mother-daughter dyads shared symptoms of illness regardless of who was diagnosed. While one part of the dyad did have a medical diagnosis, the other expressed symptoms or became ill as a way of expressing interembodied care. Interembodiment shapes how these individuals act with each other, changing ways care is given and received. emmabunkley@email.arizona.edu (F-08)​​​​​​​ 

BUROW, Paul (Yale U) Nature’s Belonging: Landscapes, Conservation, and the Cultural Politics of Place in the Great Basin. This paper looks at sage grouse conservation and its effects on pinyon forests in North America’s Great Basin as it is intertwined with the political claims and ontologies of Paiute Nations under conditions of settler colonialism. Endangered species protection, with its focus on single species and movable habitat, is a mode of producing nature in the same way as mining and ranching. Species of capital ultimately index the myriad forms of commodification that permeate landscapes even as what is valued changes across time and space. paul.burow@yale.edu (F-96)​​​​​​​ 

BURRAWAY, Joshua (UVA) Keeping It in the Family: Sharing Suboxone in Rural Appalachia. In this paper, I draw on ethnographic research in rural Southwest Virginia to explore the ways in which the prescription and pursuit of the opioid replacement drug, suboxone, becomes refracted in the everyday life-course of patients as it passes through different social, medical, and moral spheres. More specifically, I examine how suboxone – examined here as a kind of “multiple object” – forms the epicentre of a sharing economy that simultaneously crosses carceral, clinical, and kinship lines, in the process blurring the boundaries between expert and experiential knowledge within the already messy domain of addiction medicine. (TH-124)

BURRELL, Blake and WITT, Peter (Miami U) Community Based Design: A Socially Equitable Model for Renewal in an Urban Ecovillage. Community Based Design is a community driven model to place-making which uses anthropological field methods to inform urban planning. Researchers were motivated to understand an urban ecovillage community through a design model which engaged communities in dialogues about the spaces they reside, recreate, and reconnect with nature. As part of participant observation, researchers facilitated five community design events during 2018-19. The datum collected consolidated ideologies around land use and local culture to generate concepts for Enright Gardens Community Park. The resulting design was approved on August 25, 2019 and is being distributed for grants informed by interview and survey data collected during the design phase. burrelb2@miamioh.edu (W-07)